北太平洋亚热带海域大眼金枪鱼秋季摄食习性的初步研究

A preliminary study on autumn feeding habits of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in subtropical waters of North Pacific

  • 摘要: 中国金枪鱼延绳钓渔业观察员于2018年9—12月在北太平洋亚热带水域 (150°W—164°W,30°N—37°N) 采集了146尾大眼金枪鱼 (Thunnus obesus) 样品,并对其胃含物组成进行了研究。结果表明,大眼金枪鱼胃含物中共鉴别出36种饵料种类,隶属于28科,优势饵料为帆蜥鱼 (Alepisaurus ferox)、发光柔鱼 (Eucleoteuthis luminosa)、魣蜥鱼 (Lestidium prolixum) 和眶灯鱼 (Diaphus sp.),其相对重要性指数百分比 (IRI%) 分别为25.65%、14.48%、7.56%和6.77%。大眼金枪鱼在叉长为100~110 cm范围内的摄食强度最高,在性腺成熟度Ⅲ期的摄食强度也最高,而Ⅴ期的摄食强度最低,此外,在150~250 m水层中的摄食强度较高。研究结果有助于提高对大眼金枪鱼生物学特征和摄食习性的认识,及进一步了解其在生态系统和食物网结构中所扮演的重要角色。

     

    Abstract: We analyzed the stomach contents of 146 bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) collected in the subtropical waters of the North Pacific (150°W−164°W, 30°N−37°N) from September to December in 2018 by the Chinese Longline Fisheries Observer Programme. A total of 36 bait species belonging to 28 families were identified. Alepisaurus ferox, Eucleoteuthis luminosa, Lestidium prolixum and Diaphus sp. were the dominant baits, whose relative importance index ratios (IRI%) were 25.65%, 14.48%, 7.56% and 6.77%, respectively. The feeding intensity of bigeye tuna reached the maximum value in the range of 100−110 cm fork length and at Stage III of gonadal maturity, while reached the minimum value at Stage V. Moreover, higher feeding intensity was observed at water layer of 150−250 m. The results improve the understanding of the biological characteristics and feeding habits of bigeye tuna, in addition to its important role in the ecosystem and food network structure.

     

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