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CAI Xiaoyu, XU Jingwen, ZHANG Shiyong, LIU Hongyan, CHEN Xiaohui, ZHONG Liqiang. Effect of salinity on intestinal flora of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)[J]. South China Fisheries Science. DOI: 10.12131/20250003
Citation: CAI Xiaoyu, XU Jingwen, ZHANG Shiyong, LIU Hongyan, CHEN Xiaohui, ZHONG Liqiang. Effect of salinity on intestinal flora of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)[J]. South China Fisheries Science. DOI: 10.12131/20250003
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Effect of salinity on intestinal flora of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

  • 1 .

    College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

  • 2 .

    Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China

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  • Received Date: January 03, 2025
  • Revised Date: February 09, 2025
  • Accepted Date: March 04, 2025
  • Available Online: April 16, 2025
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract

  • The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is an important species cultured in saline and alkaline in China. Salinity is a key environmental factor, but the mechanism of its influence on the intestinal flora of I. punctatus is not clear. To investigate the effect of salinity on the intestinal flora of I. punctatus, we designed an eight-week experiment and divided the fish into four groups: control group (S0, salinity 0), low-salt group (S3, salinity 3‰), medium-salt group (S6, salinity 6‰), and high-salt group (S9, salinity 9‰). The intestinal contents of fish were collected every two weeks, and the composition and function of the intestinal flora were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The results show that with the increase of salinity, the richness of the intestinal flora increased, but the diversity decreased significantly. On phylum level, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla. In the control, low-salt and medium-salt groups, the intestinal flora showed rhythmic changes in the 2-week cycle, regularly repeating between Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Bacteroidetes. In contrast, the high salinity group disrupted the rhythm of changes, showing a maintenance of the predominance of Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, the functions of the intestinal flora also changed significantly in high-salinity condition, with significantly higher functional abundance in fatty acid metabolism and degradation, vitamin and amino acids degradation, and energy metabolism, and a significant decrease in the genetic repair functions such as mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair. High salinity caused strong stress in I. punctatus, increased energy expenditure, and ultimately altered the composition and function of the intestinal flora. Therefore, it is recommended to culture I. punctatus in saline ponds, which requires higher energy and probiotic supplementation in feed.

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