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SU Li, XU Shannan, LI Chunhou, CHEN Zuozhi. Phytoplankton community composition and its environmental impact factors in Pearl River Estuary during wet season[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2025, 21(1): 46-54. DOI: 10.12131/20240143
Citation: SU Li, XU Shannan, LI Chunhou, CHEN Zuozhi. Phytoplankton community composition and its environmental impact factors in Pearl River Estuary during wet season[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2025, 21(1): 46-54. DOI: 10.12131/20240143
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Phytoplankton community composition and its environmental impact factors in Pearl River Estuary during wet season

  • South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Open-Sea Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Big Data for South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China

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  • Received Date: June 24, 2024
  • Revised Date: October 10, 2024
  • Accepted Date: November 14, 2024
  • Available Online: November 29, 2024
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  • The ecological environment of the Pearl River Estuary has become increasingly prominent. Phytoplankton is an important reference index for evaluating water quality, ecological functions, etc., which can provide a scientific basis for the protection and management of the ecological environment of this sea area. To better understand the distribution characteristics and environmental conditions of phytoplankton in the Pearl River Estuary during wet season, we analyzed the phytoplankton community structure characteristics and its environmental impact factors in the Pearl River Estuary during wet season, based on the phytoplankton survey data collected in this sea area in September 2020 and May 2021. A total of 102 species of phytoplankton belonging to 56 genera and 7 phyla were identified, among which diatom species (69 species) accounted for 67.65%, and dinoflagellate species (17 species) accounted for 16.67%. The abundance level in May 2021 (1191.86×104 cells·m−3) was higher than that in September 2020 (103.64×104 cells·m−3), and the abundance composition was mainly diatoms, followed by cyanobacteria or dinoflagellate. The diversity index and evenness index in May 2021 (2.08, 0.49) were higher than those in September 2020 (1.65, 0.41), both of which were relatively low. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis shows that the phytoplankton community in this sea area can be divided into two groups, north and south, with S8 as the boundary. The dominant species were Melosira granulata (Brackish water species) and Thalassiosira pseudonana (Euryhaline coastal seawater species) in September 2020, while Eucampis zodiacus (Salt-tolerant coastal species) in May 2021. Redundancy analysis (RDA) shows that nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen to phosphorus ratio, silicate, pH and salinity were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton community in the Pearl River Estuary. The intensity of dilute water in wet season has a great impact on the species composition, abundance distribution and diversity of phytoplankton in the Pearl River Estuary.

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