Nozzle design of high-pressure free-jet-type submarine net cleaning machine
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摘要:
为解决深水网箱养殖过程中因网衣附着生物而影响水体交换, 并给换网及网衣清洗带来极大困难等问题, 开发水下洗网机并提高水下洗网机的清洗效率, 是深水网箱养殖的重要配套装备与技术。通过对高压射流水下洗网机工作原理的分析, 基于能量方程, 推导出洗网机关键部件喷嘴的结构几何参数计算表达式。合理选择高压水发生系统的压力和流量, 计算出喷嘴的孔径与长径比。在此基础上计算高压射流水下洗网机的水力参数, 为进一步优化洗网机结构提供理论依据。
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of fouling organisms blocking water exchange for deep-water cage and thus caused great difficulty in net changing and cleaning, developing submarine net cleaning machine and improving its cleaning efficiency were the important supporting facilities and technology for deep-water cage culture.Through analysis of operation principle of high-pressure submarine net cleaning machine, the structure geometric parameters calculation expression of nozzle were deduced based on energy equation.Optimal pressure and flow in high pressure water generating system were selected, and aperture/slenderness ratio of nozzle was calculated.Hydraulic parameters were calculated.These parameters supplied theoretical support for optimizing the structure of net washing machine.
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Keywords:
- submarine net cleaning machine /
- water free jet /
- nozzle /
- deep-water cage
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图 1 高压射流式洗网机结构图
1.高压水泵；2.管道；3.高压密封螺帽；4.导管轴；5.高压仓；6.喷嘴
Figure 1. Sketch of working principle for net cleaning machine
1.high-pressure pump; 2.pipe; 3.high-pressure sealed nut; 4.conduit shaft; 5.high-pressure barn; 6.nozzle
表 1 洗网机水射流水力参数
Table 1 Hydraulic parameters of water jet net cleaning machine
参数parameter 公式formula 结果result 射流速度/m·s-1 jet velocity $v=44.72 \sqrt{P}$ 133.4 射流流量/L·min-1 jet flow $q=2.1 d^2 \sqrt{P}$ 48.3 射流功率/W jet power $N=16.7 P q$ 14 860 射流反冲力/N jet recoil strength $F=1.56 d^2 P$ 106.5 
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