Abstract: The abundance of tilapia resources in China constantly promotes the industrialization of processing industry of tilapia. Blood is one of the major by-productsin tilapia processing, which has many bioactive substances but is alwaysdischarged uselessly. Extensive application prospect in tilapia blood is ensured by its scientific and effective utilization. The paper reviews the main bioactive substances in tilapia blood and their current application in the fields of food, medicine and daily chemical industry, summarizes other utilization ways of tilapia blood, and analyzes the problems which may encounter in the comprehensive utilization of tilapia blood. Comprehensive utilization canreduce environmental pollution and increase economic benefits of enterprises remarkably.