Abstract: Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta), an important migratory economic fish, only recorded in the Amur, Wusuli, Suifen Current (Heilongjiang Province) and Tumen River (Jilin Province) in China. In order to protect the germplasm resources and increase their stocks in the wild, ten pairs of polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to identify the genetic relationship of 355 recaptured individuals and 91 breeding parents. A total of 201 alleles were obtained. The observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.617–0.895 and 0.676–0.909, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.628 to 0.900, with a mean of 0.805. The combined non-exclusion probability (first parent) of the ten loci was 99.95%. The results show that five of the 355 recaptured individuals were identified as the offsprings of the breeding parents in Tumen River. In this study, microsatellite marker technology was successfully used to determine the location of salmon, which provides strong evidence for consolidating the status of China's fish source country and technical support for evaluating the effect of O. keta breeding and releasing.