3种微生物制剂调控工厂化对虾养殖水质的研究

Application of three microbiological preparations to control of water quality in industrialized shrimp culture

  • 摘要: 研究了地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis, BL)、荚膜红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas capsulate, RC)和乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus spp.,LB)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)工厂化养殖水质的影响。结果表明,施用不同微生物制剂组合,其作用效果各不相同。各组微生物制剂均能降低水体中氨氮,地衣芽孢杆菌+荚膜红假单胞菌(G1)组、地衣芽孢杆菌+荚膜红假单胞菌(G2)和地衣芽孢杆菌+乳酸杆菌(G3)组NH4+的相对降解率为62%、63%和65%;前21 d,G2组降低NH4+效果最明显,相对降解率为79%。在降低NO2-方面,G1组的效果较好,相对降解率为46%;但各处理组对于PO43-、COD均无显著效果。相对而言,G1组改善养殖水质的效果最好。实验中微生物制剂的不同施用频率对水质的净化没有明显的差别。各项水质指标均随养殖时间的推移呈现不断上升的趋势。

     

    Abstract: The experiment was conducted to determine the supplement of microbiological preparations Bacillus licheniformis (BL), Rhodopseudomonas capsulate (RC), Lactobacillus spp. (LB) on ammonia-N, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, chemical oxygen demand and active phosphate in industrialized shrimp culture. The experiments was composed of two teams and every team had two frequencies: control group, BL+RC added once per 7 days (G1), BL+RC added once per 3 days (G2), LB+BL added once per 7 days (G3) and LB+BL added once per 3 days (G4). The results showed that different microbiological preparations had different preponderance. At the aspect of reducing NH4+, compared with control group, G1, G2 and G3 reduced 62%, 63% and 65%, respectively.In the first 21 days, G2 reduced 79% compared with control group. As for NO2-, compared with comparison, G1 reduced 46%. The best effect for controlling water quality was group G1. In addition, no groups resulted in significantly reduced PO43-and COD. There is no striking difference between two frequencies in controlling the water quality. With the culture time increasing each index trended to increase.

     

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