Abstract: The most important bacterial diseases such as vibriosis, "winter ulcer", photobacteriosis, furunculosis, marine flexibacteriosis, pseudomonadiasis, streptococciosis, bacterial kidney disease(BKD), mycobacteriosis and edwardsiellosis, yersiniaosis encountered in the rapidly developing mariculture industry are described, including the pathogenic bacteria and diagnosis of these diseases.To reduce the outbreaking of fish diseases, vaccination of cultured fish for control of specific bacterial disease is now a common practice. So the studies of vaccines for fish is also described in this review. These assessments will benefit for marine fish aquaculture and bacterial diseases prevention.