投喂频率对凡纳滨对虾生长和水质的影响

The effect of feeding frequency on growth of Litopenaeus vannamei(Boone) and water quality

  • 摘要: 研究了不同投喂频率(1,2,3,4和5次d-1)对凡纳滨对虾生长、存活率和水质的影响。试验在室内2 m3的圆形水泥池(d=1.6 m)中进行,采用全封闭养殖模式,凡纳滨对虾(初始重量为0.24 g)养殖密度为50尾m-3,投喂人工配合饲料(粗蛋白含量为42.98%)。通过7周的试验,结果表明,投喂频率为1~4次d-1时,随着投喂频率的增加,对虾增重率显著增加;投喂频率由4次d-1增加到5次d-1时,对虾增重率略有增加,但差异不显著。凡纳滨对虾的成活率在1次d-1时最低,2次d-1时最高,2~5次d-1时随着投喂频率的增加而降低(投喂频率为1和2次d-1之间、3和4次d-1之间差异显著)。投喂频率为3次d-1时饲料系数最低,蛋白质效率最高。随着投喂频率1~3次d-1增加, 饲料系数逐渐显著降低,蛋白质效率显著递增;而投喂频率从3~5次d-1增加时,饲料系数增大,蛋白质效率逐渐下降(3和4次d-1差异显著;4和5次d-1之间差异不显著)。投喂频率对水环境中的pH值、H2S含量、COD、盐度等水质指标没有显著影响;在养殖后期水环境中投喂频率3~5次d-1的NH4+和NO2-浓度较投喂频率1~2次d-1时高。

     

    Abstract: The effects of five different feeding frequencies (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times per day) on the growth and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) and water quality were studied in a 7-week growth trial. The shrimp were held in 152.0 m3 indoor tanks. The water management was designed to non-exchange water system. The shrimp (initial weight of 0.24 g) were stocked at a density of 50 animalm-3 and fed a pelleted feed, with all the feed being placed on feeding trays. After 7 weeks treatment, the shrimp growth rate and feed conversion ratio increased progressively as feeding frequency increased from 1 to 4 times per day. However, there were no significant (P0.05) differences between 4 and 5 feeding frequency. The shrimp survival rate was lowest when feeding 1 time per day and highest when feeding 2 times per day and also decreased as feeding frequency increased from 2 to 5 times per day. The feed utilization was the most efficient when fed 3 times per day. There were no significant (P0.05) differences on some water quality parameters (pH, H2S, COD and salinity) among treatments. However, the NH4+ and NO2- concentrations were higher when feeding frequency from 3 to 5 times per day compared to 1 and 2 times per day.

     

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