Abstract: The pollution sources of petroleum in the marine environment include natural and man-made ones, and man-made source is the major one which impact marine ecology and fishery. Crude and refined oil have different compositor, chemical instructor and molecular mass. So their toxicity to the marine creature is different. The endurance of marine organism to the petroleum pollution is also different. Benthic organism can endure much more high concentration of petroleum. Some plants can restore the level of pro-pollution in a short time. The fish and zooplanktons are sensitive to the oil pollution. But some abnormal phenomena were found in some fishing grounds that puzzled us.