Abstract: Main cultured species, culture methods and developing status of inland shrimp farming in the world were reviewed, and the advantages and problems of this type of aquaculture were analyzed. The imbalance of ionic composition of the inland saline groundwater was the main obstacle for the development of inland shrimp farming. The formation and distribution of inland saline groundwater were explained, and the study advances on the effects of ionic concentrations and ratios on the ecophysiology of shrimps were concluded. At the end, a discussion on the sustainable development of inland shrimp farming was made.