虾夷扇贝家系的建立及不同家系的早期生长研究

张存善; 杨小刚; 宋坚; 江曙光; 银学祥

虾夷扇贝家系的建立及不同家系的早期生长研究

大连水产学院，辽宁大连 116023

基金项目:

国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目 2006AA10A408

国家自然科学基金项目 30671594

详细信息

作者简介:
张存善(1983-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事贝类遗传育种研究。E-mail: cszhang_ 1983@yahoo.com.cn

通讯作者:
宋坚，E-mail: dlmel@163.com

中图分类号: S917
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2008-05-12
- 修回日期: 2008-06-26
- 刊出日期: 2008-10-04

Establishment of families and their early growth of Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)

Dalian Fisheries University, Dalian 116023, China

摘要

摘要:
采用♂ : ♀＝1 : 3的交配方法建立了33个虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis全同胞家系，对其壳长、壳高、壳宽和活体重进行了周年观测，对家系间和家系内的生长变异进行了比较分析。结果表明，不同家系间在不同性状上差异极显著。在同批家系中，06S-1、06S-24和06S-25号等家系壳高的生长较快，优势明显；06S-1、06S-25、06S-18和06S-30号等家系活体重的生长速度较快，差异显著；33个家系壳高月增长量大小顺序与活体重月增长量变化规律相近；06S-24、06S-25、06S-30、06S-1和06S-18号家系在各时期各性状上均表现出了明显的生长优势，是生长性状优良的家系，而06S-2和06S-5号家系生长一直最慢，各性状的表现也最差。全同胞家系间生长的差异性，表明家系间差异较显著，遗传变异资源丰富，可为后期的选育提供大量选种材料。
- 虾夷扇贝 /
- 家系 /
- 表型性状 /
- 生长
Abstract:
Thirty-three full-sib families of the Japanese scallops Patinopecten yessoensis were established using artificial insemination (1♂ : 3♀) in May 2006. The phenotype characters (shell length, shell height, shell width, wet weight) of scallops were measured at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 months old. The data was analyzed using Excel and SPSS 13.0 software. The results showed that significant differences were found between different characters in different families at different growth stages. Among contemporary families, Nos. 06S-1, 06S-24 and 06S-25 grew fast in shell height, and Nos. 06S-1, 06S-25, 06S-18 and 06S-30 fast in body weight. Compared to these families, Nos. 06S-2, 06S-12 and 06S-21 had an obvious disadvantage in shell height, and Nos. 06S-2, 06S-5 and 06S-32 disadvantage in body weight. The order of monthly increase of shell height was similar to that in body weight in 33 families. According to the comparison above, Nos. 06S-24, 06S-25, 06S-30, 06S-1 and 06S-18 showed better in growth performance and Nos. 06S-2 and 06S-5 poor in growth traits. Obviously, significant differences in growth traits meant rich genetic resources. This program has provided some animals for further selective breeding in the future.
- Patinopecten yessoensis /
- Japanese scallop /
- family /
- phenotype characters /
- growth

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表 1 虾夷扇贝不同月龄的壳长、壳高、壳宽和活体重

Table 1 Length, height, width and body weight of scallop at different growth stages

生长阶段 growth phase	壳长/mm shell length	壳高/mm shell height	壳宽/mm shell width	活体重/g body weight
4月龄4 months	9.92±1.70	10.46±1.70	-	0.16±0.09
6月龄6 months	17.53±4.30	18.37±5.01	4.53±1.11	0.89±0.61
8月龄8 months	24.51±5.62	25.48±5.58	5.89±1.33	1.85±1.12
10月龄10 months	26.76±6.83	27.49±6.76	6.35±1.58	2.35±1.54
12月龄12 months	33.25±6.85	33.78±6.77	8.01±1.60	5.38±3.22

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表 2 虾夷扇贝4、12月龄壳长、壳高、壳宽和活体重间的相关系数

Table 2 The correlation coefficient between the phenotype traits of P. yessoensis

4月龄 4 months				12月龄 12 months
性状 traits	壳长 shell length (SL)	壳高 shell height (SH)	壳宽 shell width (SW)	性状 traits	壳长 shell length (SL)	壳高 shell height (SH)	壳宽 shell width (SW)	体重 body weight (BW)
SL	1			SL	1
SH	0.9772^**	1		SH	0.9580^**	1	1	1
SW	0.9258^**	0.9322^**	1	SW	0.7723^**	0.7699^**	1	1
-	-	-	-	BW	0.9383^**	0.9345^**	0.8557^**	1
注：* .差异极显著(P < 0.01) Note： *.highly significant difference(P < 0.01)

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表 3 不同家系不同月龄段壳高的生长比较(平均值±标准差)

Table 3 Comparison of shell height in different families at different growth stages(Mean±SD)

编号 no.	家系 family	4月龄 4 months	6月龄 6 months	8月龄 8 months	10月龄 10 months	12月龄 12 months	月增长量 monthly increment
06S-1	7-1	1.3157¹±0.1464	1.9455^{2, 3}±0.3026	2.7841²±0.5520	3.1969^{2, 3}±0.4408	3.6414^{4, 5, 6}±0.4578	0.1938
06S-2	11-1	1.0968^{3, 4}±0.0763	1.5425^{3, 4, 5} ±0.3865	1.9609^{5, 6}± 0.4512	2.4797^{4, 5, 6}± 0.4475	2.6513⁸± 0.4388	0.1295
06S-3	11-3	1.1857²± 0.1277	2.2058²± 0.4467	2.8684²± 0.5713	3.3364²± 0.5191	3.4898^{5, 6}± 0.6237	0.1920
06S-4	14-1	1.0245^{3, 4}± 0.1332	1.5695^{3, 4, 5}± 0.3572	2.4274^{3, 4}± 0.3500	2.7119^{4, 5} ±0.4031	3.3082⁶± 0.6726	0.1903
06S-5	14-2	0.8622^{4, 5}± 0.2024	1.2512⁵± 0.3050	2.4593^{3, 4}±0.4922	2.2927^{5, 6} ±0.6563	3.1762⁶±0.6511	0.1928
06S-6	15-1	1.0642^{3, 4}±0.1691	2.0388²±0.3584	2.7723²±0.4945	2.6825^{4, 5, 6}±0.7243	3.7452^{4, 5}±0.5895	0.2234
06S-7	16-3	1.0457^{3, 4}±0.1689	1.3663^{4, 5}±0.2649	2.4946^{2, 3, 4}±0.4813	2.7179^{4, 5}±0.4596	3.3622⁶±0.4793	0.1930
06S-8	17-2	0.8914^{4, 5}±0.1099	1.6091^{3, 4, 5}±0.3777	-	-	-	-
06S-9	20-2	0.9772^{3, 4, 5}±0.2742	2.1818^{1, 2, 3}±0.2295	-	-	-	-
06S-10	20-3	1.0780^{3, 4}±0.0752	1.8305^{2, 3}±0.3192	2.3469^{3, 4}±0.3864	2.8255^{3, 4}±0.4387	3.0923⁶±0.5671	0.1679
06S-11	21-1	1.1021^{3, 4}±0.0943	1.7327^{2, 3, 4}±0.3485	2.3179^{3, 4, 5}±0.4325	2.3816^{4, 5, 6}±0.5648	3.4320^{5, 6}±0.5972	0.1942
06S-12	21-2	0.9395^{4, 5}±0.2424	1.9193^{2, 3}±0.3633	2.9053^{1, 2, 3}±0.5057	3.3396^{1, 2, 3}±0.2401	2.9087^{7, 8}±0.6624	0.1641
06S-13	21-3	1.0429^{3, 4}±0.1113	1.5895^{3, 4, 5}±0.3726	2.0594^{4, 5, 6}±0.4253	2.7411^{3, 4}±0.4541	3.0166^{6, 7}±0.5519	0.1645
06S-14	22-1	1.0427^{3, 4}±0.1555	1.7843^{2, 3}±0.2766	2.4847^{3, 4}±0.4534	2.1563^{5, 6}±0.6392	3.2847⁶±0.4168	0.1868
06S-15	22-2	1.2201²±0.1443	1.9153^{2, 3}±0.3159	2.4953^{2, 3, 4}±0.4569	2.7082^{3, 4}±0.4276	3.6481^{4, 5, 6}±0.5178	0.2023
06S-16	22-3	1.1824²±0.1400	1.8004^{2, 3}±0.2200	2.2408^{4, 5}±0.4319	2.7303^{3, 4}±0.4378	3.2133⁶±0.6568	0.1692
06S-17	23-1	1.0419^{3, 4}±0.1041	1.9431^{2, 3}±0.2714	2.6177^{2, 3}±0.4369	2.9124^{3, 4}±0.6210	-	-
06S-18	23-3	0.8226⁵±0.2075	1.8721^{2, 3}±0.5294	2.4097^{3, 4, 5}±1.0104	3.5094^{1, 2, 3}±1.1090	5.3733^{1, 2}±0.4631	0.3609
06S-19	25-1	1.0515^{3, 4}±0.0751	2.0976²±0.3337	3.0376^{1, 2}±0.3450	3.2823²±0.4096	3.4980^{5, 6}±0.6984	0.2039
06S-20	25-2	1.1884²±0.1838	2.0140²±0.3256	2.6015^{2, 3}±0.6230	-	-	-
06S-21	25-3	0.9730⁴±0.2077	1.8227^{2, 3}±0.2783	2.1388^{4, 5, 6}±0.4655	2.1120⁶±0.6007	3.3068⁶±0.6466	0.1945
06S-22	27-2	1.0753^{3, 4}±0.0803	1.7712^{2, 3}±1.4482	2.5216^{2, 3, 4}±0.4474	2.2310^{5, 6}±0.6417	3.3504^{5, 6}±0.6420	0.1896
06S-23	27-3	1.0796^{3, 4}±0.0838	-	-	-	-	-
06S-24	28-1	1.1659^{2, 3}±0.1269	2.0176²±0.4205	2.9676^{1, 2}±0.4399	3.1813²±0.6187	3.6808^{4, 5, 6}±0.6954	0.2096
06S-25	29-1	1.0227⁴±0.1030	2.4879^{1, 2}±0.5163	3.2925^{1, 2}±0.5301	3.7265^{1, 2}±0.4007	4.1654^{2, 3, 4}±0.5971	0.2619
06S-26	29-2	0.9389^{4, 5}±0.0952	2.0236²±0.3902	2.8067²±0.5195	3.1504^{2, 3}±0.7608	3.7312^{4, 5, 6}±1.0476	0.2327
06S-27	30-1	1.0300^{3, 4}±0.0997	1.9066^{2, 3}±0.2751	2.7629²±0.3616	2.4888^{3, 4, 5}±0.6332	3.2847⁶±0.4873	0.1879
06S-28	30-2	0.8790^{4, 5}±0.0840	1.7357^{2, 3, 4}±0.2891	2.7153^{2, 3}±0.3372	3.1288^{2, 3}±0.5042	3.9667^{3, 4, 5}±0.5533	0.2573
06S-29	30-3	0.9705⁴±0.1100	1.8420^{2, 3}±0.3281	2.8505²±0.2696	2.7394^{2, 3, 4}±0.4223	3.3343⁶±0.5163	0.1970
06S-30	31-3	0.8867^{4, 5}±0.0306	1.9589^{2, 3}±0.3038	2.8063^{2, 3}±0.6552	3.9083^{1, 2}±0.2787	4.8820^{1, 2, 3}±0.3892	0.3329
06S-31	32-1	0.9691^{4, 5}±0.1257	1.8234^{2, 3}±0.3335	2.3217^{3, 4}±0.5332	2.6133^{4, 5, 6}±0.6294	3.1593⁶±0.5337	0.1825
06S-32	32-2	0.8487⁵±0.1086	1.5986^{3, 4}±0.3479	2.2099^{4, 5}±0.5694	2.5792^{4, 5, 6}±0.6750	3.6622^{4, 5, 6}±0.7504	0.2345
06S-33	35-1	1.0290⁴±0.0920	1.6134^{3, 4}±0.2215	2.1202^{4, 5, 6}±0.4107	2.4183^{4, 5, 6}±0.6444	3.3065⁶±0.5560	0.1898
注：相同上标数字表示差异不显著，不同上标数字表示差异显著(P < 0.05)，下同 Notes：Same superscripts mean no significant differences, different superscripts mean significant differences (P < 0.05).The same as bellow.

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表 4 不同家系不同月龄段活体重的生长比较(平均值±标准差)

Table 4 Comparison of body weight in different families at different growth stages(Mean±SD)

编号 no.	家系 family	4月龄 4 months	6月龄 6 months	8月龄 8 months	10月龄 10 months	12月龄 12 months	月增长量 monthly increment
06S-1	7-1	0.3371¹±0.1141	0.9912³±0.3981	2.3072³±1.2043	3.5433³±1.4293	6.3242^{3, 4, 5}±2.3134	0.4989
06S-2	11-1	0.1750^{4, 5}±0.0440	0.5340^{4, 5}±0.4053	0.8507⁶±0.4856	1.6137^{4, 5}±0.8365	2.6013⁶±1.2687	0.2022
06S-3	11-3	0.2360^{2, 3}±0.0755	1.2929^{2, 3}±0.5985	2.1984^{3, 4}±0.9461	3.8380^{2, 3}±1.5322	6.2470^{4, 5}±2.9858	0.5009
06S-4	14-1	0.1321^{5, 6}±0.0484	0.5472^{4, 5}±0.3835	1.4224^{4, 5, 6}±0.6319	2.0473^{3, 4, 5}±1.1119	4.8428^{4, 5, 6}±2.8155	0.3926
06S-5	14-2	0.0804⁶±0.0448	0.2622⁵±0.1803	1.4321^{4, 5, 6}±0.8185	1.2177⁵±1.0222	4.9737^{4, 5, 6}±2.9414	0.4078
06S-6	15-1	0.1746^{4, 5}±0.0754	0.9974³±0.5214	2.2241^{3, 4}±1.0684	2.0930^{3, 4}±1.4395	6.0623^{4, 5}±3.2423	0.4906
06S-7	16-3	0.1584^{4, 5, 6}±0.0723	0.3488^{4, 5}±0.2181	1.5447^{4, 5}±0.8474	2.1470^{3, 4}±1.0203	4.8587^{5, 6}±2.3120	0.3917
06S-8	17-2	0.1016^{5, 6}±0.0318	0.5789^{4, 5}±0.4068	-	-	-	-
06S-9	20-2	0.1230^{5, 6}±0.0769	1.2245^{2, 3}±0.3554	-	-	-	-
06S-10	20-3	0.1843^{3, 4, 5}±0.0368	0.8968³±0.5001	1.5947^{4, 5}±0.7993	2.3677^{3, 4}±1.1200	4.3533^{5, 6}±2.5114	0.3474
06S-11	21-1	0.1860^{3, 4}±0.0476	0.7371^{3, 4}±0.4056	1.4109^{4, 5, 6}±0.7129	1.6613^{4, 5}±1.1624	5.2920^{4, 5, 6}±2.6229	0.4255
06S-12	21-2	0.1006^{5, 6}±0.0451	0.8677^{3, 4}±0.4292	2.5692^{2, 3, 4}±1.1630	3.2580^{2, 3, 4}±0.7997	3.7993^{5, 6}±2.4492	0.3082
06S-13	21-3	0.1491^{4, 5, 6}±0.0518	0.6018^{4, 5}±0.3761	0.9958^{5, 6}±0.5393	2.2647^{3, 4}±0.9231	3.7081^{5, 6}±2.1271	0.2966
06S-14	22-1	0.1502^{4, 5, 6}±0.0585	0.7779^{3, 4}±0.3680	1.6331^{4, 5}±0.8560	1.3066⁵±0.9183	5.3010^{4, 5}±1.7628	0.4292
06S-15	22-2	0.2297^{2, 3}±0.0709	0.9913³±0.4753	1.8261^{3, 4, 5}±0.8222	2.0460^{3, 4, 5}±0.9882	6.3747^{3, 4, 5}±2.4104	0.5121
06S-16	22-3	0.2186^{2, 3, 4}±0.0703	0.8351^{3, 4}±0.3992	1.4876^{4, 5, 6}±0.8386	2.2293^{3, 4}±0.9512	4.4296^{5, 6}±2.2905	0.3509
06S-17	23-1	0.1571^{4, 5}±0.0470	1.0048³±0.4223	1.8982^{3, 4}±0.8680	2.8289³±1.5428	-	-
06S-18	23-3	0.0819⁶±0.0550	1.0688^{2, 3}±0.6847	1.9476^{3, 4, 5}±1.9791	4.8320^{1, 2, 3}±3.2889	15.7400¹±3.1852	1.2986
06S-19	25-1	0.1889^{3, 4, 5}±0.1774	1.2114^{2, 3}±0.5136	2.8031^{2, 3}±0.8562	3.2700³±1.0910	6.5017^{3, 4}±2.1149	0.5261
06S-20	25-2	0.2253^{2, 3}±0.1106	1.1144^{2, 3}±0.4611	1.9121^{3, 4}±1.1347	-	-	-
06S-21	25-3	0.1358^{5, 6}±0.0930	0.7666^{3, 4}±0.3944	1.0697^{5, 6}±0.5615	1.3583⁵±1.3104	4.3300^{5, 6}±2.4283	0.3495
06S-22	27-2	0.1687^{4, 5}±0.0354	0.5598^{4, 5}±0.4399	1.7666^{3, 4, 5}±0.8656	1.4037^{4, 5}±1.0657	4.8206^{4, 5, 6}±2.6193	0.3877
06S-23	27-3	0.1794^{3, 4, 5}±0.0491	-	-	-	-	-
06S-24	28-1	0.2574^{2, 3}±0.1707	1.2904^{2, 3}±0.7536	2.9589^{2, 3}±1.2687	3.3140³±1.9196	7.6891^{3, 4}±4.2586	0.6193
06S-25	29-1	0.1566^{4, 5, 6}±0.0503	2.2335¹±1.1176	4.1020¹±1.5368	5.0470^{1, 2}±1.4697	9.6218²±5.0904	0.7888
06S-26	29-2	0.1165^{5, 6}±0.0366	1.1329^{2, 3}±0.6654	2.3423³±1.4702	3.0558³±2.3814	7.3294^{3, 4}±6.2161	0.6011
06S-27	30-1	0.1453^{4, 5, 6}±0.0490	0.8824³±0.4284	2.0234^{3, 4}±0.8452	1.7819^{4, 5}±1.0404	4.6757^{5, 6}±2.7065	0.3775
06S-28	30-2	0.0903⁶±0.0237	0.6744⁴±0.2958	1.8652^{3, 4, 5}±0.7132	2.7338^{3, 4}±1.1239	7.5490^{3, 4}±3.3919	0.6216
06S-29	30-3	0.1250^{5, 6}±0.0405	0.7890^{3, 4}±0.3762	2.2008^{3, 4}±0.6060	2.1240^{3, 4}±1.0649	4.9933^{4, 5, 6}±2.2873	0.4057
06S-30	31-3	0.1038^{5, 6}±0.0049	0.9566^{2, 3, 4}±0.3665	2.3731^{2, 3, 4}±1.1643	5.1067^{1, 2}±0.8441	13.4567¹±3.4171	1.1127
06S-31	32-1	0.1161^{5, 6}±0.0447	0.8313^{3, 4}±0.5117	1.6218^{4, 5}±1.0030	1.9250^{4, 5}±1.2109	3.9867^{5, 6}±2.5290	0.3225
06S-32	32-2	0.0850⁶±0.0330	0.5776^{4, 5}±0.3142	1.4006^{4, 5, 6}±0.9028	2.0216^{4, 5}±1.3015	5.5675^{4, 5, 6}±3.5218	0.4569
06S-33	35-1	0.1352^{5, 6}±0.0373	0.5742^{4, 5}±0.2549	0.9850^{5, 6}±0.5123	1.8052^{4, 5}±1.1891	5.2210^{4, 5, 6}±2.4811	0.4238

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参考文献(14)

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虾夷扇贝家系的建立及不同家系的早期生长研究

作者简介: 张存善(1983-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事贝类遗传育种研究。E-mail: cszhang_ 1983@yahoo.com.cn

通讯作者: 宋坚，E-mail: dlmel@163.com

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Establishment of families and their early growth of Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)

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作者简介:
张存善(1983-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事贝类遗传育种研究。E-mail: cszhang_ 1983@yahoo.com.cn

通讯作者:
宋坚，E-mail: dlmel@163.com