甲苯咪唑、溴氰菊酯和硫酸铜对美洲鲥的急性毒性研究

Acute toxicity of mebendazole, deltamethrin and copper sulphate to Alosa sapidissima

  • 摘要: 采用静水式急性毒性试验法研究了甲苯咪唑、溴氰菊酯、硫酸铜对美洲鲥(Alosasapidissima)的急性毒性。在15℃、20℃、25℃3个温度下,甲苯咪唑96 h的半致死质量浓度(LC50)为0.226mgL-1、0.077mgL-1和0.122mgL-1,安全质量浓度(SC)分别为0.194mgL-1、0.027mgL-1和0.063mgL-1;溴氰菊酯96h-LC50分别为0.386gL-1、0.234gL-1和0.259gL-1,SC分别为0.090 gL-1、0.061gL-1和0.082 gL-1;硫酸铜分别为0.320 mgL-1、0.385 mgL-1和0.186 mgL-1,SC分别为0.042mgL-1、0.115mgL-1和0.019mgL-1。根据鱼类毒性等级评价标准,可判定甲苯咪唑在20℃时对于美洲鲥为剧毒药物,在15℃和25℃时为高毒药物,溴氰菊酯在3个温度梯度下均属于剧毒类的药物,硫酸铜在3个温度梯度下均属于中毒类的药物。试验结果表明,温度对美洲鲥各种药物的安全浓度影响很大,因此养殖过程中要特别注意根据温度的变化使用药物。

     

    Abstract: The acute toxicities of mebendazole, deltamethrin and copper sulphate to Alosa sapidissima were studied by static water tests. At 15 ℃, 20 ℃ and 25 ℃, the 96 h median lethal concentrations (LC50) of mebendazole to A.sapidissima were 0.226 mLL-1, 0.077 mLL-1 and 0.122 mLL-1, and safe concentrations (SC) were 0.194 mLL-1, 0.027 mLL-1 and 0.063 mLL-1, respectively. The 96 h-LC50 of deltamethrin were 0.386 gL-1, 0.234 gL-1 and 0.259 gL-1, and SCs were 0.090 gL-1, 0.061 gL-1and 0.082 gL-1, respectively. The 96 h-LC50 of copper sulphate were 0.320 mLL-1, 0.385 mLL-1 and 0.186 mLL-1, and SCs were 0.042 mLL-1, 0.115 mLL-1 and 0.019 mLL-1, respectively. According to the standard of fish acute toxicity, mebendazole was high-toxic at 20 ℃ and was less toxic at 15 ℃ and 25 ℃. Deltamethrin and copper sulphate were high-toxic and middle-toxic at three water temperatures.The results reveal that temperature affected SCs of different drugs to A.sapidissima greatly. Thus, dose of fishery drugs should be adjusted cautiously according to different water temperatures.

     

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