Abstract: We compared the nutritive components in the edible tissues of male and female Culter erythropterus.The results reveal that no significant difference is found in the content of crude protein in the muscle between male and female (P>0.05), but the content of crude protein in gonads and air bladder is significantly higher in female(28.24%, 19.22%) than in male (24.89%, 17.72%)(P < 0.05); there is no significant difference in the content of moisture in the edible tissues between male and female (P> 0.05). Eighteen amino acids were discovered in the edible tissues of both male and female. The contents of total amino acids, essential amino acids and flavour amino acids in the gonads and air bladder of female are significantly higher than those of male(P < 0.05), but there is no significant difference in amino acid composition in the muscle between male and female(P> 0.05). The composition of essential amino acids in the gonads and air bladder of male and female C.erythropterus meets the standard of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/Word Health Organization(FAO/WHO), but that in the muscle does not. It is indicated that the muscle and the gonads of C.erythropterus are more nutritive, while the air bladder has relatively low nutritional value.