闽东北外海中华管鞭虾的数量分布及其生物学特征

Quantitative distribution and biological characteristics of Solenocera crassicornis in northeast Fujian outer-sea

  • 摘要: 根据2008年5月、8月、11月和2009年2月在闽东北外海海域(26°00′~28°00′N、120°00′~125°30′E)开展的虾类资源调查资料,研究分析了该海域中华管鞭虾(Solenocera crassicornis)的数量分布及生物学特征。结果显示,中华管鞭虾在该调查海区分布范围较广,出现频率为31.9%,其渔获质量占虾类总渔获质量的9.8%,渔获质量平均密度指数为7.21 kg·km-2,5月、8月、11月和2月平均密度指数分别为1.45 kg·km-2、10.74 kg·km-2、12.79 kg·km-2和3.68 kg·km-2;其数量分布具有明显的季节性,以8月和11月数量为多,其渔获质量占年总渔获质量的83.0%,2月和5月数量较少;主要分布于调查海区80 m以内海域,80 m水深以外海域极少分布;渔获体长范围为36~126 mm,优势体长组为50~95 mm,占66.8%;雌虾个体明显大于雄性个体,雌虾平均体质量为7.3 g,雄虾平均体质量为3.4 g;雌雄性比为1:0.47,雌性性腺成熟度以Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期为主,分别占44.3%和36.3%,生殖盛期为5~8月;不同季节和性别摄食强度没有明显差异,平均摄食等级1.45。

     

    Abstract: In base of the survey data of shrimps in northeast Fujian outer-sea (26°00′~28°00′N, 120°00′~125°30′E) in May, August, November of 2008 and February of 2009, we analyzed the quantitative distribution and biological characteristics of Solenocera crassicornis. The results show that S.crassicornis widely distributes with an occurrence frequency of 31.9%, and the ratio of its catch in total catch is 9.8%. The average density of resource is 7.21 kg·km-2 (May: 34.7 kg·km-2, August: 13.8 kg·km-2, November: 4.55 kg·km-2, February: 2.89 kg·km-2). Significant seasonal difference is found in the distribution, especially high in August and November (83.0%), and low in February and May. S.crassicornis distributes most in the waters at depth of 80 m. The body length is 36~126 mm, and that of the dominant species is 50~95 mm (66.8%); the size of female (7.3 g) is obvious bigger than that of male (3.4 g) with the sex ratio of 1:0.47. The maturity stages for female is mainly at Ⅱ and Ⅲ, accounting for 44.3% and 36.3%, respectively; the peak period of reproduction is from May to August. No significant difference is found in feeding intensity among different seasons and between different sex.

     

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