Abstract: We studied the effects of six treatments on sediment of Siniperca chuatsi ponds and its biological properties. The results indicate: 1) Physicochemical factors of sediment change after treatment. Alkalization can increase sediment pH and exchangeable calcium content, while firing can decrease sediment moisture content but increase C : N ratio; 2) Drying, pulverization after drying and inorganic nitrogen fertilization can significantly increase soil respiration rate(P < 0.05).When the sediment is pulverized after being dried, the soil respiration rate increases by 52.3%; 3) The order of the effects of physicochemical factors on soil respiration is pH>C/N>organic matter>moisture content>total nitrogen(TN) >total phosphorous(TP), and TN and TP affect soil respiration via the other physicochemical factors. 4)In general, pulverization after drying is the best for sediment restoration(0.905), then comes drying (0.895), and the worst is alkalization (0.695).The study not only provides theoretical references for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle but also offers a new approach to disease prevention and healthy culture of other aquatic animals.