Abstract: There are abundant oceanic biological resources, such as purpleback flying squid (Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares),in the deep-sea area of central and southern South China Sea. This paper introduced the status of tuna and squid fisheries and resources in South China Sea respectively.On this basis, the prospect for the development of relevant fisheries in China was discussed and it wasproposed that the marine bioresources exploitation in South China Sea should focus on developing flying squid fisheries using light falling net.