广东红海湾海域银杏齿喙鲸体组织中DDT含量的分布特征与污染评价

The distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of DDTs residues in tissues of ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens)collected from Honghai Bay, Guangdong Province, China

  • 摘要: 采用Agilent 6890 N型气相色谱仪,DB-1701型毛细管气相色谱柱(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm)和63Ni放射源-μECD检测器,测定了搁浅于广东红海湾的银杏齿喙鲸(Mesoplodon ginkgodens)的8种组织中∑DDT(pp′-DDT、pp′-DDE、pp′-DDD和op-DDT)含量。结果表明,该鲸不同组织中的∑DDT含量范围为15.2~177.1 μg ·kg-1(湿重),其高低顺序为鲸脂>肝脏>胃>心脏>肾脏>肌肉>胰>肺,不同组织中的∑DDT含量与其组织中的脂肪含量呈显著正相关(R=0.9968,P < 0.01)。与国外文献报道的数据比较,所分析的鲸脂中∑DDT含量相对较低,尚未达到造成生理危害的水平。DDE/∑DDT和pp′-DDT/op-DDT的平均比值分别为0.27和5.7,据此推测可能有新的DDT输入此鲸栖息海域,主要来源可能是含DDT化学品的使用和环境中残留DDT的重新释放。

     

    Abstract: The residues of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDTs) in tissues of ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens) collected from Honghai Bay, Guangdong province, China was analyzed by gas chromatography. The test system was composed of Agilent 6890 N gas chromatography, a DB-1701 capillary column (30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm), and a 63Ni micro electric capture detector. The results showed that contents of ∑DDT (pp′-DDT, pp′-DDE, pp′-DDD and op-DDT) ranged from 15.2 to 177.1 μg ·kg-1 (wet weight), and positively related to lipid content in different tissues (R=0.9968, P < 0.01).The ∑DDT contents in tissues from high to low were blubber, liver, stomach, heart, kidney, muscle, pancreas and lung. Compared with other cetaceans in different waters, the content level of ∑DDT in the blubber of this whale sample was relatively low and harmless. The average ratio of DDE/∑DDT, pp′-DDT/op-DDT were equal to 0.27 and 5.7, respectively, which indicated that DDT might be newly imported to Honghai Bay, possibly through the use of DDT-contained chemicals and the release of DDT residue from the environment.

     

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