泵吸管配置下南极磷虾桁杆拖网水动力响应分析

Hydrodynamic response analysis of Antarctic krill trawl with pump suction pipe configuration

  • 摘要: 为探究连续泵吸式南极磷虾桁杆拖网中泵吸管的最优配置,本研究以南极磷虾专业捕捞加工船“深蓝”号使用的桁杆拖网为研究对象,依据修正的田内准则,制作大尺度比为15、小尺度比为5的模型网,在循环动水槽中测试了泵吸管布放位置、内径和预留长度对桁杆拖网模型网阻力、形态及稳定性的影响。结果表明:1) 当泵吸管布放于侧网上方时拖网网口高度最大,布放于腹网下方时拖网整体阻力最低,但当泵吸管布放于背网上方时,拖网两侧受力差异最小,且能耗系数处于最低水平;2) 增大泵吸管内径对拖网网口高度无明显影响,但会增大拖网阻力和能耗系数;当泵吸管内径从16 mm增至26 mm时,模型网阻力增加7.69%,模型网能耗系数增大8.44%;3) 泵吸管预留长度对拖网网口高度无明显影响,较短的预留长度会使拖网保持最低阻耗,增加预留长度反而会导致拖网阻力和能耗上升;4) 当泵吸管布放于背网上方,并减小泵吸管内径和预留长度时,拖网阻力波动振幅最小,稳定性最高。研究结果可为南极磷虾桁杆拖网吸管配置及捕捞装备结构优化提供依据。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the optimal configuration of the pump suction pipe in continuous pump suction Antarctic krill beam trawls, we took the beam trawl used by the specialized Antarctic krill fishing and processing vessel "Deep Blue" as the research object. Based on the modified Tanaka criterion, we established trawl models with large and small scale ratios of 15 and 5, respectively. In a circulating flume tank, experiments were conducted to test the effects of the pump suction pipe's deployment position, internal diameter, and reserved length on the drag, geometry, and stability of the beam trawl model. The results showed that: 1) Deploying the pump suction pipe above the side net yielded the maximum mouth height of the beam trawl. When placing it below the belly net, the overall drag of the beam trawl was the minimum. However, when the pump suction pipe was positioned above the upper net, the force difference on both sides of the beam trawl was the minimum, and the energy consumption coefficient reached its lowest level. 2) Increasing the internal diameter of the pump suction pipe had no significant effect on the net mouth height but increased drag and the energy consumption coefficient. When the internal diameter increased from 16 mm to 26 mm, drag increased by 7.69%, and the energy consumption coefficient increased by 8.44%. 3) The reserved length of the pump suction pipe had no significant impact on the net mouth height of the beam trawl. A shorter reserved length of the pump suction pipe maintained the drag-energy consumption for the beam trawl, while a longer one led to increased drag and energy consumption. 4) Deploying the pump suction pipe above the upper net, while reducing its internal diameter and reserved length, resulted in the smallest drag fluctuation amplitude and the highest stability. This study can provide a basis for optimizing the pump suction pipe configuration and the structural design of Antarctic krill trawl fishing gear.

     

/

返回文章
返回