金枪鱼皮ACE抑制肽的制备及其锌离子结合活性研究

Study on preparation of ACE inhibitory peptide and Zn2+ binding activity of tuna skin

  • 摘要: 金枪鱼皮蛋白质含量丰富,是一种制备生物活性肽的理想原料。为促进金枪鱼加工副产物的高值化利用并为开发食源性血管紧张素转换酶 (Angiotensin converting enzyme, ACE) 抑制剂提供参考,本研究以大眼金枪鱼 (Thunnus obesus) 皮为原料,采用酶解法制备金枪鱼皮血管紧张素转换酶抑制肽 (Tuna skin angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides, TSAIP),并分析其抗氧化活性与锌离子 (Zn2+) 结合活性之间的相关性。结果表明,胰酶酶解4 h的产物 (TSAIP) 具有最高的ACE抑制活性 (60.00±6.70)% 和Zn2+ 结合活性,其ABTS自由基清除率为 (68.51±1.80)%。相关性分析显示,ACE抑制活性与Zn2+ 结合活性及ABTS自由基清除率均呈显著正相关 (p<0.05) 。此外,TSAIP中甘氨酸、脯氨酸和谷氨酸含量最高,疏水氨基酸占比达50.00%。TSAIP与Zn2+ 结合后结构发生改变,最大吸收波长红移,内源荧光强度下降,表明其主要通过羰基、羧基氧和氨基氮原子结合与Zn2+ 配位结合。研究表明,金枪鱼皮是制备ACE抑制肽的良好蛋白源,且其TSAIP的ACE抑制活性与其抗氧化活性、Zn2+ 结合能力及结构特征密切相关。

     

    Abstract: Tuna skin is protein-rich and a promising raw material for bioactive peptide production. To promote the high-value utilization of tuna processing by-products and provide a reference for the development of food-derived angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, we used the skin of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) as the raw material, prepared tuna skin angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (TSAIP) via enzymatic hydrolysis, and analyzed the correlation between their antioxidant activity and zinc ion (Zn2+)-binding activity. Results show that the product (TSAIP) obtained by trypsin hydrolysis for 4 h exhibited the highest ACE inhibition (60.00±6.70)% and Zn2+-binding ability, with an ABTS radical scavenging rate of (68.51±1.80)%. Correlation analysis reveals a significant positive association between ACE inhibitory activity and both Zn2+-binding capacity and ABTS scavenging rate (p<0.05). Glycine, proline, and glutamic acid were the three most abundant amino acids in TSAIP. Hydrophobic amino acids constituted 50.00% of the total content. The binding of TSAIP to Zn2+ induced conformational changes in its structure, resulting in increase in ultraviolet absorption, red shift in the maximum absorption wavelength, and decrease in intrinsic fluorescence intensity. The study demonstrates that tuna skin is a good protein source for the preparation of ACE inhibitory peptides, and the ACE inhibitory activity of active TSAIP is closely related to its antioxidant activity, Zn2+-binding capacity, and structural characteristics.

     

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