当归副产物脂溶性提取物对颗粒饲料防霉效果及建鲤组织生化指标的影响

Anti-mold effect of fat soluble extract of Angelica sinensis by-product on pellet feed and biochemical indicators of tissues in Cyprinus carpio var. Jian

  • 摘要: 当归粗提物属于饲料原料,但其提取获得率及对饲料和鱼的作用尚不明确。探索了当归副产物脂溶性提取物 (Fat soluble extract of Angelica sinensis by-product, FSE) 对颗粒饲料霉菌生长和建鲤 (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) 组织生化指标的影响,为开发FSE作为鱼饲料的功能性原料提供理论依据。首先,使用溶剂萃取法获得当归副产物的4种极性提取物,通过将其石油醚提取物 (Petroleum ether extract, PEE) 和乙酸乙酯提取物 (Ethyl acetate extract, EAE) 合并获得FSE。然后,将当归副产物提取物加入饲料并投喂建鲤。结果显示,FSE显著抑制了颗粒饲料霉菌生长,同时影响建鲤多项生化指标:降低血浆血红蛋白 (Hb) 含量、各组织过氧化氢 (H2O2) 水平、肠道丙二醛 (MDA)含量及红细胞高铁血红蛋白 (MetHb) 含量;提高甘油三酯 (TG) 和葡萄糖 (GLU) 含量、多个组织还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 含量及关键酶 包括乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、脂肪酶 (LPS)、α-淀粉酶 (AMS)、Na+/K+-ATP酶、碱性磷酸酶 (AKP) 等消化代谢相关酶,以及过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 等抗氧化酶 活性。研究表明,FSE对颗粒饲料具有防霉效果,还能改善建鲤的消化吸收、呼吸功能及抗氧化能力。

     

    Abstract: As feed raw materials, the crude extracts of Angelica sinensis's yield and their effects on feed and fish are still unclear. Therefore, we explored the effects of fat soluble extract of A. sinensis by-product (FSE) on the growth of fungi in pellet feed and the biochemical indicators in various tissues and organs of carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian), in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of FSE as a functional raw material for fish feed. Firstly, we obtained four polar extracts of A. sinensis by-product by using solvent extraction method, and obtaied FSE by mixing petroleum ether extract (PEE) and ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of A. by-product. Then, we formulated the experimental diets by adding extracts of A. sinensis by-product to the basal diet, and fed the carps with diets containing different levels of FSE. The results show that FSE inhibited the growth of mold in pellet feed significantly while affecting multiple physiological parameters in fish. It decreased the plasma hemoglobin (Hb) levels, tissue hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and red blood cell methemoglobin (MetHb) levels, while increased the levels of triglycerides (TG) and glucose (GLU), multiple tissue reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and key enzyme activities, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase (LPS), alpha amylase (AMS), Na+/K+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and other digestive metabolism related enzymes, as well as antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The study indicates that FSE exhibits antifungal effects in pellet feed and can improve the digestive, absorption, and respiratory function as well as antioxidant capacity in C. carpio var. Jian.

     

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