急性低氧胁迫对方斑东风螺稚贝呼吸代谢和相关基因表达的影响

Effects of acute hypoxia stress on respiratory metabolism and related gene expression of juvenile Babylonia areolate

  • 摘要: 方斑东风螺 (Babylonia areolate) 在养殖环境和运输过程中易遭遇低氧胁迫。为评估低氧胁迫对方斑东风螺代谢和免疫功能的影响,将溶解氧 (DO) 质量浓度分别降至6、4、2、1和0.5 mg·L−1后,测定方斑东风螺稚贝的耗氧率和排氨率,并分析了乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、丙酮酸激酶 (PK)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、酸性磷酸酶 (ACP) 和碱性磷酸酶 (AKP) 的活性和基因表达水平。结果显示,与对照组相比,随着DO水平下降,方斑东风螺的耗氧率显著降低 (p<0.05),排氨率先显著升高后显著降低 (p<0.05);LDH活性显著低于对照组 (p<0.05),但在1 mg·L−1时显著升高 (p<0.05);PK活性显著低于对照组 (p<0.05),但在0.5 mg·L−1时显著升高 (p<0.05);SOD活性显著低于对照组 (p<0.05);ACP和AKP活性先显著降低后升高,分别在1和0.5 mg·L−1时显著高于对照组 (p<0.05);LDH基因表达水平在DO降至4 mg·L−1后显著降低 (p<0.05),PK基因表达水平在DO降至1 mg·L−1后显著升高 (p<0.05);SOD基因表达水平在DO降至0.5 mg·L−1后显著降低 (p<0.05),ACP和AKP的基因表达水平显著下调 (p<0.05)。研究表明,方斑东风螺可通过降低代谢率、调控代谢、免疫酶活性和基因的表达来应对低氧胁迫。

     

    Abstract: Babylonia areolate is vulnerable to hypoxic stress during aquaculture and transportation. To evaluate the effects of hypoxia stress on its metabolism and immune function, we measured the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of juveniles, and analyzed the gene expression levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) after the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration decreased to 6, 4, 2, 1and 0.5 mg·L−1, respectively. The results show that with the decline of DO level, the oxygen consumption rate of B. areolate decreased significantly (p<0.05), and the ammonia excretion rate first significantly increased and then significantly decreased (p<0.05). LDH activity was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05), but significantly higher at 1 mg·L−1 (p<0.05); PK activity was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05), but significantly higher at 0.5 mg·L−1 (p<0.05); SOD activity was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05); the activities of ACP and AKP were significantly lower and then increased, and significantly higher than the control at 1 and 0.5 mg·L−1, respectively (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression level of LDH gene decreased significantly (p<0.05) after the DO level decreased to 4 mg·L−1, and that of PK gene increased significantly (p<0.05) after the DO level decreased to 1 mg·L−1; the SOD gene expression was significantly down-regulated (p<0.05) after the DO level decreased to 0.5 mg·L−1; the ACP and AKP gene expression was significantly down-regulated (p<0.05). The results indicate that B. areolate can respond to hypoxic stress by decreasing metabolic rate and regulating metabolism, immune enzyme activity and gene expression.

     

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