不同脱腥方法对薛氏海龙肽粉的脱腥效果比较

Comparison of deodorization effects of different deodorization methods on Syngnathus schlegeli peptide powder

  • 摘要: 薛氏海龙 (Syngnathus schlegeli) 肽粉因其固有的腥味,限制了其在后续深加工产品中的应用和开发。实验采用葡萄糖糖化法、β-环糊精包埋法和葡萄糖-β环糊精联用3种方法对薛氏海龙肽粉进行脱腥处理,并通过运用感官评定、电子鼻和气相色谱-质谱联用仪 (GC-MS) 等技术手段,评估了原料的腥味脱除效果。结果显示,葡萄糖糖化法处理,可通过美拉德反应产生酯类成分以降低原料腥味成分的相对含量,其中腥味物质三甲胺的脱除率为91%,但原料基本风味损失较明显;β-环糊精包埋法处理有一定脱腥效果,三甲胺脱除率为16%,但腥味与刺激性风味仍有残留;葡萄糖-β环糊精联用法处理,在降低部分原料基本风味损失的基础上,可脱除醛类刺激性风味物质并显著减少了主要腥味成分,三甲胺的脱除率为93%,并可产生令人愉悦的风味成分。研究表明,葡萄糖-β环糊精的复合应用是一种简洁、有效的脱腥方式,可显著改善薛氏海龙肽粉的风味,为薛氏海龙肽粉在功能食品等深加工产品上的开发提供理论依据与技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: Syngnathus schlegeli peptide powder has an inherent fishy odor, which affects the development and application of its subsequent deep-processed products. We applied three methods, glucose glycation, β-cyclodextrin embedding and glucose-β-cyclodextrin combination treatment, for the deodorization of S. schlegeli peptide powder. We assessed the deodorization effect of raw materials through sensory evaluation, electronic nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results show that the glucose glycation treatment could produce esters to reduce the relative content of fishy ingredients through the Maillard reaction, and the removal of the fishy substance trimethylamine was 91%. However, the basic flavour of the raw material was lost obviously; the β-cyclodextrin embedding treatment had a certain deodorization effect, with a 16% trimethylamine removal rate, but the fishy and stimulating flavor were still left; the glucose-β-cyclodextrin combination treatment could significantly reduce the main fishy and aldehydes' irritating flavor substances as well as the loss of some basic flavor of raw materials, with a 93% trimethylamine removal rate and produced some pleasant flavor. It is showed that the application of glucose-β-cyclodextrin is a concise and effective method to remove fishy odors, which can significantly improve the flavor of S. schlegeli peptide powder. The research provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the development of S. schlegeli peptide powder in functional food and other deep processing products.

     

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