3种水草对克氏原螯虾生长性能和肠道食物组成的影响

Effects of three species of aquatic plant on growth performance and intestinal natural diet composition of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

  • 摘要: 水草是克氏原螯虾 (Procambarus clarkii) 养殖生态环境的重要组成部分。为阐明不同水草影响克氏原螯虾养殖性能的路径差异,以轮叶黑藻 (Hydrilla verticillata) 和水花生 (Alternanthera philoxeroides) 为研究对象,分析了养殖水质指标和水生生物组成对其养殖性能的影响,并利用高通量测序技术鉴定了其肠道生物饵料组成。水花生和轮叶黑藻具有较强的水质净化能力,能够显著提升溶解氧 (DO) 含量 (p<0.05),并显著降低亚硝态氮 (NO2 )、氨态氮 (NH4 +)、硝态氮 (NO3 ) 以及磷酸盐 (PO4 3−) 含量 (p<0.05)。轮叶黑藻和水花生组克氏原螯虾各生长指标均显著高于对照组 (p<0.05),两者之间无显著性差异 (p>0.05)。温度、DO和pH是影响轮叶黑藻和水花生组克氏原螯虾生长发育的主要因素,对照组的主要影响因素为NO2 和NH4 +。对照组浮游植物密度和生物量显著高于水草组 (p<0.05),水花生组浮游动、植物群落丰度和多样性均显著高于对照组 (p<0.05)。限制性主坐标轴分析 (db-RDA) 结果显示,各组克氏原螯虾肠道食物组成存在极显著性差异 (p<0.01)。轮叶黑藻和水花生均能改善养殖环境,提高克氏原螯虾的生长性能,丰富其食物组成。

     

    Abstract: Aquatic plant plays a crucial role in controlling the ecological conditions of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) aquaculture. In order to clarify the path of different types of aquatic plants affecting crayfish culture performance, we examined the impacts of Hydrilla verticillata and Alternanthera philoxeroides on the growth and development performance of crayfish, and determined the intestinal natural diet composition by using high-throughput sequencing technology. H. verticillata and A. philoxeroides exhibited substantial water purifying properties, significantly increasing the dissolved oxygen (p<0.05), while decreasing the phosphate content, nitrite, ammonia and nitrate nitrogen contents (p<0.05). The growth indexes of H. verticillata and A. philoxeroides groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05), whereas the former two groups showed no significant differences (p>0.05). The temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH had a greater effect on the growth performance of crayfish in H. verticillata and A. philoxeroides groups, while the nitrite and ammonia nitrogen had a stronger effect on the control group. The phytoplankton in the control group had significantly higher density and biomass than the aquatic plant groups (p<0.05), while A. philoxeroides group had a significantly higher abundance and diversity of plankton communities than the control group (p<0.05). The results of constrained principal axis analysis (db-RDA) reveal that the food content in crayfish intestines varied significantly among the groups (p<0.01). In summary, H. verticillata and A. philoxeroides can improve the aquaculture environment, promote the growth performance of crayfish, and enrich its food composition.

     

/

返回文章
返回