Abstract: Fish bioenergetics plays an important role in the management and sustainable utilization of fisheries resources. This paper provides an overview of recent advance in this field, focusing on the development of bioenergetics models. It also delves into the intricate interplay of environmental factors such as water temperature and flow on fish energy budgets. In practical scenarios, fish bioenergetics models are used to predict the dynamics of natural fish resources and the emission of pollutants from aquaculture, providing scientific support for fisheries management. However, the adaptability and accuracy of these models in dealing with complex environmental changes still need to be improved. Additionally, existed models often overlook the complexity of interactions among influencing factors. Future research should focus on multidisciplinary data fusion, application of advanced technologies, and innovation of individualised models, so as to facilitate the continuous improvement of fish bioenergetics models and promote their development towards precision, practicality and sustainable management.