新型复式抗风浪养殖网箱的设计及其在海洋环境下的受力计算

Design and force calculation of a new type of composite anti-wind and wave aquaculture net cage in marine environment

  • 摘要: 深海抗风浪网箱养殖区别于传统近海网箱、围栏等养殖方式,适合发展高经济价值的鱼类养殖,现已成为沿海渔民转产转业的重要方向。为缓解近岸养殖压力、拓宽深海水域养殖,基于中国海域养殖条件,设计了一种可以应对恶劣海况条件的新型复式抗风浪深海养殖网箱。该网箱放弃了传统的浮架和浮圈结构,采用双浮筒可调节结构,以适应不同海域海浪状况,减少因刚性连接而发生的中拱和中垂现象;此外,浮筒与立体浮框连接而成的垂荡体可以提供较大的垂荡以及纵向摇摆阻尼,控制网箱的运动幅度。同时采用莫里森公式和伯努利方程对网箱承受的风、浪、流等环境载荷进行受力计算,并与传统高密度聚乙烯 (High density polyethylene, HDPE) 网箱进行对比,结果显示新型复式抗风浪网箱比传统HDPE网箱更能承受海洋中的环境负载。研究结果为后续研究和发展大型抗风浪网箱养殖提供了设计参考。

     

    Abstract: Different from traditional offshore cages, fences and other farming methods, deep-sea wind and wave resistant cages are suitable for the development of high-economic value fish farming, having become an important way for coastal fisheries to change production. In order to relieve the pressure of offshore aquaculture and expand deep-sea aquaculture, a new type of complex wind wave-resistant deep-sea aquaculture cage was designed based on the conditions of Chinese marine aquaculture. The cage gives up the traditional structure of floating frame and floating ring, and adopts the adjustable structure of double float to adapt to different sea conditions and reduce the phenomenon of middle arch and middle sag caused by rigid connection. In addition, the pendant body connected by the float and the three-dimensional floating frame can provide large pendant and longitudinal swing damping, and control the motion amplitude of the cage. At the same time, Morrison formula and Bernoulli equation were used to calculate the force of the cage under the environmental loads such as wind, wave and current, and the results were compared with the traditional high density polyethylene (HDPE) cage. The results show that the new compound wind-wave cage can withstand the environmental loads in the ocean better than the traditional HDPE cage, which provides a design reference for the subsequent research, and development of large-scale wind-wave cage culture.

     

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