蛋粉对克氏原螯虾生长性能、肌肉营养成分和肠道菌群的影响

Effects of egg product on growth performance, muscle nutrients, and intestinal microflora of Procambarus clarkii

  • 摘要: 为评估蛋粉在克氏原螯虾 (Procambarus clarkii) 饲料中的应用效果,使用喷雾干燥蛋粉等蛋白替代0% (CON)、25% (R1)、50% (R2)、75% (R3) 和100% (R4) 鱼粉,饲喂幼虾 初始平均体质量 (9.02±0.12) g 6周。结果显示,各组间特定生长率、饲料系数、摄食率、成活率和肝体比均无显著性差异 (P>0.05),R4组体质量增长率较CON组显著降低 (P<0.05)。R4组肌肉粗蛋白、必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量显著升高 (P<0.05),R2、R3和R4组肌肉粗脂肪和灰分含量显著升高 (P<0.05),各组肌肉中水解氨基酸含量无显著性差异 (P>0.05)。蛋粉添加组肠道蛋白酶活性显著升高,淀粉酶活性显著降低,R3和R4组肠道脂肪酶活性显著升高 (P<0.05)。R2、R3和R4组血清碱性磷酸酶活性以及总蛋白含量显著升高 (P<0.05)。R3组肠道梭状芽孢杆菌属 (Clostridium) 和溶杆菌属 (Lysobacter) 细菌丰度显著升高,R4组链球菌属 (Streptococcus) 丰度显著升高 (P<0.05)。综上,当克氏原螯虾饲料含6%鱼粉时,蛋粉可替代75%鱼粉。

     

    Abstract: To evaluate the application effect of spray-dried egg product in the diet of Procambarus clarkii, we formulated five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing 0% (Control group), 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0% and 8.0% spray-dried egg product, which replaced 0% (CON), 25% (R1), 50% (R2), 75% (R3) and 100% (R4) fishmeal, respectively, to feed the shrimps Initial body mass (9.02±0.12) g for six weeks. The results show that there were no significant differences in the specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, feeding rate, survival rate and hepatosomatic index among all the groups (P>0.05). The weight gain rate in R4 group decreased significantly compared with the CON group (P<0.05). The contents of crude protein, essential amino acid and total amino acid in abdominal muscle in R4 group increased significantly compared with the CON group (P<0.05). The contents of crude fat and ash in muscle in R2, R3 and R4 groups were significantly higher than those in the CON group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of 17 hydrolyzed amino acids in muscle among all the groups (P>0.05). Compared with the CON group, the intestinal protease activities increased significantly but the amylase activities decreased significantly in egg product supplementation groups, and the intestinal lipase activity increased significantly in R3 and R4 groups (P<0.05). The serum alkaline phosphatase activity and total protein content in R2, R3 and R4 groups increased significantly than those in the CON group (P<0.05). The bacterial abundances of Clostridium sensu stricto and Lysobacter in R3 group were significantly higher than those of the other groups, while the bacterial abundance of Streptococcus in R4 group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, when the diet of P. clarkii contains 6% fishmeal, the spray-dried egg product can replace 75% fishmeal.

     

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