Effects of enzymatic hydrolysate products of oyster on lactation in overloaded lactating rats
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摘要: 文章以香港牡蛎 (Crassostrea hongkongensis) 酶解产物为研究对象，采用大鼠超负荷哺乳模型，通过测定母鼠泌乳量、仔鼠总平均体质量增加量、母鼠脏器指数、母鼠乳腺器官指数和血清催乳素 (Prolactin, PRL) 等指标，使用HE染色法观察母鼠乳腺组织结构，探讨牡蛎酶解产物 (Oyster enzymatic hydrolysate products, OEHP) 对产后超负荷哺乳母鼠泌乳的影响。结果显示，灌胃21 d中，相较于对照组，OEHP高剂量组母鼠每小时泌乳量显著增加，低剂量组的效果不显著，与剂量呈正相关。高剂量组母鼠总平均泌乳量增加57.85%，差异极显著 (P<0.01)；中剂量组增加38.02%，差异显著 (P<0.05)；低剂量组增加17.69%；高、中、低剂量组仔鼠体增重分别增加13.62%、12.28%、11.99%，差异极显著 (P<0.01)，且高剂量组与中、低剂量组间仔鼠体增重有显著差异 (P<0.05)；乳腺指数均有显著差异；脏器指数均有不同程度的增加；高剂量组PRL浓度增加41.67%，差异极显著 (P<0.01)；中剂量组增加26.39%，差异显著 (P<0.05)；低剂量组增加11.11%；与低剂量组相比，高剂量组的PRL浓度增加27.50%，差异显著 (P<0.05)；观察发现各组母鼠乳腺组织结构均有明显的扩大和充盈现象，说明OEHP能有效改善超负荷哺乳母鼠泌乳调节作用从而促进泌乳。Abstract: Taking the enzymatic hydrolysate of Crassostrea hongkongensis as subjects, we used overloaded lactation model to investigate the effects of oyster enzymatic hydrolysate products (OEHP) on lactation of overloaded lactating rats by measuring the lactation volume of female rats, total average body mass increment of offspring, organ index of female rats, mammary gland organ index of female rats and serum prolactin (PRL). The mammary gland structure was observed by HE staining method. The results show that within 21 d of gavage, compared with control group, the increase of hourly lactation was significant in high-dose group, but not significant in low-dose group, positively correlated with the dose. The total average lactation of high-dose group increased by 57.85% (P<0.01); for low- and medium-dose groups, the lactation growth was 38.02% (P<0.05) and 17.69%, respectively. The body weight gain of young mice in high-, medium- and low-dose groups increased by 13.62%, 12.28% and 11.99%, respectively (P<0.01). There was significant difference in the body weight gain between high-dose group and medium-, low-dose groups (P<0.05). The mammary gland index had significant difference. The organ index increased to varying degrees. The PRL concentration in high-, medium- and low-dose groups increased by 41.67% (P<0.01), 26.39% (P<0.05) and 11.11%, respectively. Compared with low-dose group, the PRL concentration in high-dose group increased by 27.50% (P<0.05). In addition, the mammary gland structure of female rats in each group had been obviously enlarged and filled, which indicates that OEHP can improve the regulation of lactation within overloaded lactating rats effectively and promote lactation.
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表 1 牡蛎及其酶解产物一般营养成分 (干基)
Table 1 General nutrition indices and enzymatic hydrolysate products of oyster (dry mass basis)
% 项目 Item 灰分 Ash 蛋白质 Protein 水分 Moisture 脂肪 Fat 总糖 Total sugar 牡蛎粉 OP 15.65±0.07 51.27±0.85 6.73±0.04 4.78±0.41 22.63±0.15 牡蛎酶解产物 OEHP 13.81±0.05 62.76±0.90 6.74±0.03 5.46±0.46 13.50±0.12 
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表 2 母鼠哺乳21 d每天每小时泌乳量
Table 2 Maternal milk production per hour per day for female rats lactated for 21 d
g·h−1 天数
Day对照组
Control group牡蛎酶解产物高剂量组
OEHP high-dose group牡蛎酶解产物中剂量组
OEHP medium-dose group牡蛎酶解产物低剂量组
OEHP low-dose group第1天 1st day 1.04±0.86B 3.44±0.47AB 2.09±0.81B 1.11±0.66B 第2天 2nd day 3.05±1.15b 4.81±0.42aA 4.13±0.89ab 3.32±0.60c 第3天 3rd day 2.81±2.50b 5.59±1.82ab 5.44±2.63ab 5.35±1.44ab 第4天 4th day 3.56±1.47b 5.49±1.51ab 5.95±1.83ab 5.25±1.56b 第5天 5th day 5.87±1.99 8.17±2.03ab 7.73±2.33ab 5.59±1.07 第6天 6th day 6.43±1.93c 9.97±3.43abc 6.97±3.15ab 5.96±1.70c 第7天 7th day 4.08±2.38Bb 8.11±3.48Aab 5.64±1.84Bb 4.96±1.68Bb 第8天 8th day 7.44±1.77 7.98±3.18 7.24±2.61 7.09±3.27 第9天 9th day 5.40±1.27 11.03±3.47**A 9.06±1.88** 6.90±2.00 第10天 10th day 7.50±1.75b 11.34±4.84ab 7.62±1.61b 7.94±3.60b 第11天 11th day 8.54±2.72b 12.02±3.17ab 12.38±3.38ab 10.16±1.81b 第12天 12th day 7.50±4.42Bb 13.16±3.87ABab 12.33±1.71ABb 8.76±1.70Bb 第13天 13th day 8.19±2.23B 13.48±2.54AB 11.93±2.31AB 9.71±1.55B 第14天 14th day 9.50±3.55Bb 13.29±2.86AB 12.93±4.29Bab 11.20±1.53Bb 第15天 15th day 9.49±3.38b 13.46±2.99a 12.20±4.52b 12.06±2.80b 第16天 16th day 7.96±2.63b 14.76±2.33ABab 11.16±3.11ab 11.01±1.55ab 第17天 17th day 7.15±2.30B 11.57±1.77AB 7.57±2.99B 7.28±0.30B 第18天 18th day 3.86±2.86Bb 7.04±3.07abB 7.71±1.54AB 6.77±1.68abB 第19天 19th day 5.84±1.78 7.39±1.47 6.39±1.95 5.47±2.25 第20天 20th day 5.81±1.38B 8.33±1.28AB 9.19±1.69AB 6.99±1.18B 第21天 21st day 5.97±0.99B 10.03±1.69AB 8.17±2.41AB 6.63±2.41B 注：同行数据肩标有相同字母或无肩标表示差异不显著 (P>0.05)；不同小写字母表示差异显著 (P<0.05)，不同大写字母表示差异极显著 (P<0.01)。 Note: The values with the same letters or without letters indicat no significant difference (P>0.05). The values with different lowercase letters indicat significant difference (P<0.05), and those with different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01).
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表 3 母鼠哺乳21 d每小时泌乳量总平均值
Table 3 Total average maternal milk production per hour per day for female rats lactated for 21 d
g 对照组
Control group牡蛎酶解产物高剂量组
OEHP high-dose group牡蛎酶解产物中剂量组
OEHP medium-dose group牡蛎酶解产物低剂量组
OEHP low-dose group6.05±2.30 9.55±3.25**A 8.35±2.97* 7.12±2.69 注：与对照组比较，*表示差异显著 (P<0.05)，**表示差异极显著 (P<0.01)；牡蛎酶解粉组组间比较，a表示差异显著 (P<0.05)，A表示差异极显著 (P<0.01)，后表同此。 Note: Compared with the control group, "*" indicates significant difference (P<0.05), and "**" indicates extremely significant difference (P<0.01). "a" indicates significant difference (P<0.05), while "A" represents extremely significant difference (P<0.01). The same case in the following tables.
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表 4 21 d仔鼠体增重
Table 4 Total average body weight gain of newborn rats in 21 d
g 对照组
Control group牡蛎酶解产物高剂量组
OEHP high-dose group牡蛎酶解产物中剂量组
OEHP medium-dose group牡蛎酶解产物低剂量组
OEHP low-dose group362.66±22.28 412.05±19.04**a 407.21±7.65** 406.14±6.71**
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表 5 母鼠乳腺器官指数
Table 5 Mammary gland organ indexes of female rats
对照组
Control group牡蛎酶解产物高剂量组
OEHP high-dose group牡蛎酶解产物中剂量组
OEHP medium-dose group牡蛎酶解产物低剂量组
OEHP low-dose group5.39±0.49 6.65±0.43** 6.24±1.07* 6.40±0.59*
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表 6 母鼠脏器器官指数
Table 6 Organ indexes of female rats
指标
Index对照组
Control group牡蛎酶解产物高剂量组
OEHP high-dose group牡蛎酶解产物中剂量组
OEHP medium-dose group牡蛎酶解产物低剂量组
OEHP low-dose group心脏指数 Heart index 0.32±0.026 0.38±0.012** 0.36±0.026* 0.36±0.027* 胸腺指数 Thymus index 0.067±0.019 0.090±0.025 0.087±0.010 0.087±0.0082 脾脏指数 Spleen index 0.18±0.009 0.21±0.029* 0.18±0.015 0.20±0.031 肝脏指数 Liver index 4.80±0.42 5.08±0.63 5.00±0.37 5.03±0.60 肾脏指数 Kidney index 0.75±0.049 0.84±0.038** 0.80±0.075 0.76±0.035
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表 7 母鼠血清催乳素质量浓度
Table 7 Serum PRL mass concentrations of female rats
ng·mL−1 对照组
Control group牡蛎酶解产物高剂量组
OEPH high-dose group牡蛎酶解产物中剂量组
OEPH medium-dose group牡蛎酶解产物低剂量组
OEPH low-dose group0.72±0.03 1.02±0.21**A 0.91±0.15* 0.80±0.18
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