基于广义加性模型研究影响罩网沉降性能的因子

李杰; 张鹏; 王腾; 晏磊; 杨炳忠; 陈作志

doi:10.12131/20210070

基于广义加性模型研究影响罩网沉降性能的因子

doi: 10.12131/20210070

中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室，广东广州 510300

基金项目: 农业部财政专项 (NFZX2018)；农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室开放基金 (LOF 2019-02)

详细信息

作者简介:
李杰：李　杰 (1989—)，男，助理研究员，从事渔具渔法，渔具力学研究。E-mail: lijie@scsfri.ac.cn

中图分类号: S 972.29
计量
- 文章访问数: 9
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-01
- 修回日期: 2021-04-09
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-23

A study on settlement performance of falling-net based on GAM

South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China

摘要

摘要: 为全面了解罩网网具沉降性能，为罩网模型试验的开展及渔具渔法的改进提供参考，于2016年3月在南海中南部进行海上试验，采用多项式回归和广义加性模型 (Generalized additive model, GAM) 等对罩网沉降性能进行分析研究，结果显示：1) 自由沉降是影响网具总沉降深度的更为关键的因素；2) 90.0~119.9 s是较为适宜的自由沉降时间；3) 自由沉降速度先短时间内增大后逐渐减小，最大值出现在沉降第10 秒；阻尼沉降速度在前50 s相对稳定，之后迅速降低；4) 自由沉降时间、风速、风流向夹角对自由沉降深度影响显著；自由沉降时间、风速、渔船漂流速度、风流向夹角对阻尼沉降深度影响显著。研究表明：1) 风速、风流向夹角对自由沉降深度与阻尼沉降深度的影响是复杂且非线性的，它们可能通过波浪和改变船、网相对位置影响网具沉降；2) 渔船漂流速度对阻尼沉降深度影响显著，渔船漂流速度可能会影响罩网网口的闭合程度与网具绞收。
- 罩网 /
- 沉降性能 /
- 广义加性模型
Abstract: In order to comprehensively understand the settlement performance of falling-net, as well as to provide references for the development of falling-net model test and the improvement of fishing gear and method, we conducted the sea trials in the central-southern South China Sea in March 2016, and studied the settlement performance of falling-net based on polynomial regression and generalized additive model (GAM). The results show that: 1) Free settlement was a more critical factor affecting the total settlement depth. 2) 90.0~119.9 s was an appropriate free settlement time based on the settlement performance of the falling-net. 3) The free settlement speed firstly increased in a short time and then decreased, with the maximum value occurring at the time of 10 s. The damping settlement speed remained relatively stable in the first 50 s with little change, but then decreased rapidly. 4) Free settlement time (T_f), wind speed (S_w), the direction angle between wind and current ($ \alpha $) had significant influences on free settlement depth. T_f, S_w, drift speed of fishing boat (S_b) and $ \alpha $ had significant influences on damping settlement depth. The study suggests that: 1) The influence of S_w and $ \alpha $ on free settlement depth and damping settlement depth is complex and non-linear, and they may affect the settlement of falling-net through waves and changing the relative position between the fishing boat and falling-net. 2) S_b has a significant influence on damping settlement depth. This may be caused by that S_b affects the degree of closure of net-mouth and the hauling of purse line.
- Falling-net /
- Settlement performance /
- Generalized additive model

图 1 调查站点图

Figure 1. Survey site

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 沉降深度、时间和速度分布箱型图

a. 深度；b. 时间；c. 速度

Figure 2. Box figure of data distribution of main parameters

a. Depth distribution; b. Time distribution; c. Speed distribution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同自由沉降时间对应的总沉降深度 (a)、速度 (b) 的箱型图

Figure 3. Box plots of total settlement depth (a), speed (b) among different free settlement time groups

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 自由沉降深度、自由沉降速度、阻尼沉降深度、阻尼沉降速度随时间变化趋势图

Figure 4. Trend chart of free settlement depth, free settlement speed, damping settlement depth and damping settlement speed along with time

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 自由沉降深度最优广义加性模型残差图

Figure 5. Residual plot of optimal GAM of free settlement depth

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 自由沉降深度与4个因子间的广义加性模型分析图

Figure 6. GAM-derived effects of four predictors on free settlement depth

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 阻尼沉降深度最优广义加性模型残差图

Figure 7. Residual plot of optimal GAM of damping settlement depth

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 阻尼沉降深度与4个因子间的广义加性模型分析图

Figure 8. GAM-derived effects of four predictors on damping settlement depth

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 自由沉降深度广义加性模型统计参数

Table 1. Statistical characteristics of GAM of free settlement depth

公式　　　 Formular	决定系数 R²	方差解释 Deviance explained/%	赤池信息准则 AIC
自由沉降深度~自由沉降时间 D_f~T_f	0.873	87.600	717.038
自由沉降深度~自由沉降时间+风速 D_f~T_f+S_w	0.904	91.300	687.941
自由沉降深度~自由沉降时间+风速+渔船漂流速度 D_f~T_f+S_w+S_b	0.911	92.100	680.633
自由沉降深度~自由沉降时间+风速+渔船漂流速度+风流向夹角 D_f~T_f+S_w+S_b+$ \alpha $	0.922	93.300	666.362

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 自由沉降深度最优广义加性模型检验值

Table 2. F-test for significance of non-parametric effects on optimal GAM of free settlement depth n=132

因子 Factor	估计自由度 edf	F	P
自由沉降时间 T_f	2.917	165.030	<2.00×10^−16*
风速 S_w	7.987	8.611	9.29×10^−9*
渔船漂流速度 S_b	2.939	2.354	0.063
风流向夹角$ \alpha $	4.703	3.646	0.003^*
注：. 因素对模型存在显著性影响 Note: . The factor has a significant effect on the model.

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 阻尼沉降深度广义加性模型统计参数

Table 3. Statistical characteristics of GAM of damping settlement depth

公式　　　 Formular	决定系数 R²	方差解释 Deviance explained/%	赤池信息准则 AIC
阻尼沉降深度-自由沉降时间 D_d~T_f	0.706	71.700	755.699
阻尼沉降深度-自由沉降时间+风速 D_d~T_f+S_w	0.797	82.300	716.660
阻尼沉降深度-自由沉降时间+风速+渔船漂流速度 D_d~T_f+S_w+S_b	0.840	86.400	688.788
阻尼沉降深度~自由沉降时间+风速+渔船漂流速度+风流向夹角 D_d~T_f+S_w+S_b+$ \alpha $	0.846	87.000	684.163

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 阻尼沉降深度最优广义加性模型检验值

Table 4. F-test for significance of non-parametric effects on optimal GAM of damping settlement depth n=132

因子 Factor	估计自由度 edf	F	P
自由沉降时间 T_f	3.007	57.289	<2.00×10⁻¹⁶*
风速 S_w	7.860	6.220	6.00×10⁻⁶*
渔船漂流速度 S_b	8.519	6.623	1.06×10⁻⁷*
风流向夹角$ \alpha $	1.000	5.395	0.022*
注：. 因素对模型存在显著性影响 Note: . The factor has a significant effect on the model.

下载: 导出CSV

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