硫酸铜治疗卵形鲳鲹淀粉卵涡鞭虫病的研究

硫酸铜治疗卵形鲳鲹淀粉卵涡鞭虫病的研究

Treatment of amyloodiniosis in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) by copper sulfate

doi: 10.12131/20200260

作者简介:
李志成 (1995—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为海水鱼类寄生虫病防控。E-mail: 839387965@qq.com

通讯作者:
李安兴 (1963—)，男，博士，教授，从事水生经济动物寄生生物病害控制研究。E-mail: lianxing@mail.sysu.edu.cn

李志成; 江飚; 钟志鸿; 李诗钰; 何润真; 唐嘉嘉; 李安兴

doi:10.12131/20200260

1.
中山大学生命科学学院/广东省水生经济动物良种繁育重点实验室，广东广州 510275
2.
仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院，广东广州 510225

基金项目: 现代农业产业体系海水鱼寄生虫病防控岗位项目资助 (CARS-47-G18)

详细信息

中图分类号: S 942.2⁺2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-22
- 修回日期: 2021-02-22
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-31

硫酸铜质量浓度
Concentration of copper sulfate/(mg·L⁻¹)

1.
School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangzhou 510275, China
2.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China

摘要

摘要: 为更科学地使用硫酸铜治疗淀粉卵涡鞭虫病，该研究以卵形鲳鲹 (Trachinotus ovatus) 为动物模型，探讨了硫酸铜对眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫 (Amyloodinium ocellatum) 生活史各个阶段的有效驱杀浓度和作用时间，并评估其对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼的安全质量浓度范围。结果显示，卵形鲳鲹幼鱼对硫酸铜的耐受性强，安全质量浓度小于43.06 mg·L⁻¹。用3.13、0.78、0.20 mg·L⁻¹硫酸铜溶液分别药浴处理10、30、60 min可100%驱杀涡孢子；用2.0、1.0、0.5 mg·L⁻¹硫酸铜溶液分别药浴浸泡鱼体2、4、8 h可100%清除鱼体上的营养体；而包囊对硫酸铜的耐受性强，用100 mg·L⁻¹硫酸铜溶液连续药浴，仍有90%以上的包囊能继续分裂。治疗实验显示，在0.2、0.4 mg·L⁻¹硫酸铜溶液中连续药浴10 d，对患病鱼的相对保护率分别为80%和90%，表明使用低浓度硫酸铜溶液连续药浴可有效治疗卵形鲳鲹淀粉卵涡鞭虫病。
- 卵形鲳鲹 /
- 眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫 /
- 硫酸铜 /
- 药浴
Abstract: In order to use copper sulfate scientifically to treat the disease caused by parasite Amyloodinium ocellatum in farmed fish, golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) was used as an animal model to study the copper sulfate's effective concentration and time of killing of each stage of A. ocellatum. The safety concentration of copper sulfate to juvenile golden pompano was evaluated. Results show that the juveniles had good tolerance to copper sulfate and the safety concentration was less than 43.06 mg·L⁻¹. The effective concentrations of copper sulfate to kill full dinospores within 10, 30 and 60 min were 3.13, 0.78 and 0.20 mg·L⁻¹, respectively. At copper sulfate concentrations of 2, 1 and 0.5 mg·L⁻¹, trophonts were detached from the host within 2, 4 and 8 h, respectively. However, tomonts were highly resistant to copper sulfate because they divided when being incubated with 100 mg·L⁻¹ copper sulfate solution. Additionally, the relative protection rates of pompanos infected with A. ocellatum were 80% and 90% when being immersed continuously in 0.2 and 0.4 mg·L⁻¹ copper sulfate solutions, respectively for 10 d. These results imply that the immersion to copper sulfate solution can protect golden pompano from A. ocellatum infection at low concentration.
- Trachinotus ovatus /
- Amyloodinium ocellatum /
- Copper sulfate /
- Immersion

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图 1 寄生在病鱼鳃处的眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫营养体显微镜观察

a. 感染鱼鳃上营养体寄生情况；b. 感染鱼经1 mg·L⁻¹硫酸铜溶液浸泡1 h后鳃上营养体寄生情况；c. 感染鱼经1 mg·L⁻¹硫酸铜溶液浸泡4 h后鳃上营养体寄生情况

Figure 1. Microscopic observation of trophonts on gill of infection fish

a. Parasitism of trophonts on the gill of infected fish; b. Parasitism of trophonts on the gills of infected fish after being immersed in 1 mg·L⁻¹ copper sulfate solution for 1 h; c. Parasitism of trophonts on the gills of infected fish after being immersed in 1 mg·L⁻¹ copper sulfate solution for 4 h

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图 2 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹的死亡率

Figure 2. Mortality of T. ovatus in different groups

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表 1 硫酸铜溶液对眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫涡孢子的杀灭效果

Table 1. Effect of copper sulfate solution on A. ocellatum dinospores

时间 t/min	硫酸铜质量浓度 Concentration of copper sulfate/(mg·L⁻¹)
时间 t/min	100	50	25	12.5	6.25	3.13	1.56	0.78	0.39	0.20	0.10	0.05	0.025	0
10	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	+++	++	++	+	+	−	−	−
30	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	+++	+++	++	+	−	−
60	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	+++	+	−	−
120	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	+++	+	−	−
注：“++++”、“+++”、“++”、“+”和“−”分别代表能引起100%、75%、50%、25%和0%涡孢子死亡 Note: "++++", "+++", "++", "+" and "−" represent the mortalities of dinospores were 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0%, respectively.

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表 2 硫酸铜溶液对眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫包囊分裂率的影响

Table 2. Effect of copper sulfate solution on A. ocellatum tomonts cleavage rate %

硫酸铜质量浓度 Concentration of copper sulfate/(mg·L⁻¹)	浸泡时间 Immersing time/h
硫酸铜质量浓度 Concentration of copper sulfate/(mg·L⁻¹)	24	48	72	96
100.00	90.92±1.90^ab	90.92±1.90^ab	90.92±1.90^ab	90.92±1.90^ab
50.00	93.95±1.93^ab	93.95±1.93^ab	93.95±1.93^ab	93.95±1.93^ab
25.00	90.50±2.60^b	90.50±2.60^b	90.50±2.60^b	90.50±2.60^b
12.50	94.88±0.52 ^ab	94.88±0.52^ab	94.88±0.52^ab	94.88±0.52^ab
6.25	95.33±1.16 ^ab	95.33±1.16^ab	95.33±1.16^ab	95.33±1.16^ab
3.13	97.10±2.52^ab	97.10±2.52^ab	97.10±2.52^ab	97.10±2.52^ab
1.56	97.13±2.66^ab	97.13±2.66^ab	97.13±2.66^ab	97.13±2.66^ab
0.78	97.33±2.329^a	97.33±2.329^a	97.33±2.329^a	97.33±2.329^a
0.39	96.91±2.75^ab	96.91±2.75^ab	96.91±2.75^ab	96.91±2.75^ab
0.20	96.10±3.62^ab	96.10±3.62^ab	96.10±3.62^ab	96.10±3.62^ab
0.10	95.55±0.51^ab	95.55±0.51^ab	95.55±0.51^ab	95.55±0.51^ab
0	96.94±2.68^ab	96.94±2.68^ab	96.94±2.68^ab	96.94±2.68^ab
注：同行数据不同字母表示差异显著 (P<0.05) Note: Values with different superscripts in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05).

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表 3 卵形鲳鲹幼鱼对硫酸铜溶液的耐受力

Table 3. Tolerance of juvenile T. ovatus to copper sulfate solution

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表 4 不同质量浓度硫酸铜浸泡不同时间的相对驱虫率

Table 4. Relative deworming rate of different mass concentrations of copper sulfate immerse for different time

硫酸铜质量浓度 Concentration of copper sulfate/(mg·L⁻¹)	浸泡时间 Immersing time/h
硫酸铜质量浓度 Concentration of copper sulfate/(mg·L⁻¹)	0.5	1	2	4	8
4.0	98.29±1.49	98.69±0.76	100.00±0.00	−	−
2.0	95.85±2.41	98.24±1.56	100.00±0.00	−	−
1.0	66.00±8.59	88.82±3.75	96.73±2.03	100.00±0.00	−
0.5	43.72±14.77	75.25±12.26	90.95±4.04	97.99±2.05	100.00±0.00
0.4	9.96±2.59	33.94±0.29	85.09±3.69	95.80±1.24	99.46±0.23
0.3	14.43±1.44	13.82±1.72	27.37±1.31	27.64±2.26	64.02±2.59
0.2	7.11±7.19	16.26±14.95	14.84±0.86	21.27±3.78	66.26±3.66
0.0	1.16±6.54	2.61±2.72	−3.04±4.58	0.14±5.31	2.17±5.43
注：−. 未取样 Note: −. Not sampled

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