A preliminary study on enrichment of stable isotope from diets by mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)
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摘要: 稳定同位素分析技术已成为生态学中营养来源研究的重要手段，但前提是获得动物对不同饵料中稳定同位素的富集效应数据。该实验以从红树林和邻近滩涂收集的犬牙珠鰕虎鱼 (Acentrogobius caninus)、李氏䲗 (Callionymus richardsoni)、须赤虾 (Metapenaeopsis barbata)、杂色蛤 (Ruditapes philippinarum)、多齿围沙蚕 (Perinereis nuntia)，以及养殖的双齿围沙蚕 (P. aibuhitensis) 为饵料，投喂拟穴青蟹 (Scylla paramamosain) 幼蟹66 d。结果显示，杂色蛤、双齿围沙蚕和须赤虾对青蟹的养殖效果比较好。不同饵料的氮稳定同位素 (15N) 和碳稳定同位素 (13C) 含量均显著高于初始青蟹，青蟹摄食不同饵料后体内15N和13C含量显著提高，判别值∆13C分别为0.7、−0.19、0.22、2.58、−0.12、2.75，∆15N介于−2.98~0.21，大多数与普遍采用的作为判断直接捕食者与食物的差值标准判别值∆13C (0‰~1‰) 和∆15N (3‰~4‰) 有一定差距，这种差别可能是因为滩涂生物与其他生物对同位素的富集效应差别较大，也可能由于实验后期水温较低，青蟹生长慢、体质量增长率低，使体内碳和氮未能充分更新引起。Abstract: Stable isotope analysis technology has become an important means in the study of nutrition sources in ecology, but the premise is to obtain the data of stable isotope enrichment effect of animals in different diets. In this experiment, Acentrogobius caninus, Callionymus richardsoni, Metapenaeopsis barbata, Ruditapes philippinarum, Perinereis nuntia and cultured P. aibuhitensis were collected from mangroves and adjacent beaches and used as baits to feed Scylla paramamosain for 66 d. The results indicate that R. philippinarum, P. aibuhitensis and M. barbata had better culture effects on S. paramamosain. The stable isotope abundances of 13C and 15N in six natural diets were obviously higher than that in initial crab. Compared with the initial crabs, the contents of stable isotope 13C and 15N of final crabs increased significantly. The enrichment effects of the 13C (∆13C) were 0.7, −0.19, 0.22, 2.58, −0.12 and 2.75 for the six diets, respectively, while the ∆15N varied from −2.98 to 0.21. Most of these values were inconsistent with the judgment baselines (discrimination) of direct predator and prey, which were 0‰−1‰ for ∆13C and 3‰−4‰ for ∆15N, respectively. This may be due to the huge difference of stable isotope enrichment between beach dwelling organisms and land organisms. It is also possible that the low water temperature, slow growth and low weight gain rate of S. paramamosain at the later stage of the experiment may lead to insufficient renewal of carbon and nitrogen in the body.
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Key words:
- Scylla paramamosain /
- Stable isotope /
- Enrichment effects /
- Diets
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图 1 投喂不同饵料的青蟹的初始体质量、结束体质量、成活率和体质量增长率图顶部不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)，后图同此
Figure 1. Initial mass, final mass, survival rate and weight gain rate of S. paramamosain fed with different diets Different lowercase letters at the top indicate significant difference (P<0.05). The same case in the following figures.
图 3 初始和摄食不同饵料青蟹的稳定性碳和氮丰度
Figure 3. δ13C和δ15N of initial S. paramamosain and S. paramamosain fed with different diets
图 4 实验结束时青蟹稳定性碳和氮含量与初始青蟹的差值
Figure 4. Difference of δ13C和 δ15 N between final S. paramamosain and initial S. paramamosain
图 5 青蟹对不同饵料中稳定性碳和氮的富集效应
Figure 5. Enrichment of δ13C和 δ15 N in S. paramamosain fed with different diets
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