Research on catchable size and resource protection of Squaliobarbus curriculus in Xijiang River Fengkai section based on length-frequency data
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摘要:
该研究于2014年在西江封开段进行了8个月的渔获物调查，采集了526尾赤眼鳟 (Squaliobarbus curriculus) 的体长、体质量等生物学信息，利用体长频率分布估算赤眼鳟生长、死亡参数，并分析渔业资源利用状况。结果显示，赤眼鳟体长-体质量的幂函数关系参数a=0.028 8，b=2.858 2。von Bertalanffy生长参数渐近体长Linf=74 cm，生长系数K=0.1，自然死亡系数M=0.19，总死亡系数Z=1.51，捕捞死亡系数F=1.32，开发率E=0.88。渔业资源量分析显示，2014年西江封开段赤眼鳟资源量为2 234 652尾、428.558 t。单位补充量渔获量 (Yield per recruit, YPR) 模型分析显示，当前赤眼鳟首次开捕体长为12.3 cm，F为1.32，YPR为1.89 g；当首次开捕体长调整为27.8 cm、F调整为0.45时，可获得YPR 7.76 g。当前赤眼鳟资源处于过度开发状态，建议将开捕体长设为27.8 cm，将捕捞强度降至0.45。
Abstract:We conducted an eight-month catch survey in 2014 and collected 526 individuals of Squaliobarbus curriculus. Based on their body length and mass, we estimated the biological stock characteristics (growth and mortality parameters) and assessed the stock size and status of S. curriculus. The length-mass relationship was fitted by a power function (a=0.028 8, b=2.858 2). The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated: the asymptotic length Linf was 74 cm; the growth coefficient K was 0.1; the natural mortality coefficient M was 0.19; the total mortality coefficient Z was 1.51; the fishing mortality rate was as 1.32; the exploitation rate was 0.88. In 2014, the size of the stock in numbers and biomass were 2 234 652 individuals and 428.558 t, respectively. Results of the yield per recruit (YPR) modeling shows that the current length at first capture was 12.3 cm; the fishing mortality rate was 1.32; the current YPR was 1.89 g. When the length at first capture was 27.8 cm and the fishing mortality rate was 0.45, the YPR was 7.76. The current stocks of S. curriculus have been over-exploited. It is suggested that the length at first capture should be 27.8 cm, and the fishing mortality rate should be 0.45.
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图 1 西江封开江段赤眼鳟体长、体质量分布
Figure 1. Body length and mass distribution of S. curriculus in Fengkai section of Xijiang River
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图 2 西江封开江段赤眼鳟的体长和体质量的关系
Figure 2. Body length-mass relationship of S. curriculus in Fengkai section of Xijiang River
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图 3 体长频率数据可视化图
a. 原始捕获数据；b. 移动平均值为9 cm的重建数据
Figure 3. LFQ Data visualization diagram
a. Original catches data; b. Data that restructured with a moving average setting of 9 cm
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图 4 基于琼斯长度转换队列分析的重建种群结构
Figure 4. Results of Jones' length converted cohort analysis with reconstructed population structure
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图 5 汤普森和贝尔模型的结果
a. 开捕体长=27.8 cm时，单位补充产量和生物量变化曲线，黑点表示当前捕捞压力下单位补充产量和生物量，黄色和红色虚线分别代表最大可持续产量 (Fmsy) 的F和原始生物量减少50%的F (F0.5)；b. 不同捕捞强度和开捕体长对单位补充产量的影响，黑点代表着当前的捕捞状况，x轴表示F
Figure 5. Results of Thompson and Bell model
a. Curves of yield and biomass per recruit when the current length at first capture was 27.8 cm. The black dots represent yield and biomass per recruit under current fishing pressure. The yellow and red dashed lines represent fishing mortality for maximum sustainable yield (Fmsy) and fishing mortality associated with a 50 % reduction relative to the virgin biomass (F0.5); b. Exploration of impact of different exploitation rates and Lc values on the yield per recruit. The black dots represent the current fishing regime. The x-axis corresponds to the fishing mortality.
表 1 不同时期西江赤眼鳟生长参数比较
Table 1 Growth and mortality parameters of S. curriculus in different periods in Xijiang River
生长参数
Growth parameter年份 Year 1982[5] 2008[25] 2014
(本研究 This study)生长条件因子 (a) Growing conditions factor 1.080 9×10−2 0.90×10−2 2.88×10−2 幂指数系数 (b) Power factor 3.101 2 3.136 2.858 2 生长系数 (K) Growth coefficient 0.053 3 0.135 9 0.1 自然死亡系数 (M) Natural mortality coefficient 0.085 8 0.193 6 0.19 渐近体长 (Linf) Asymptotic length/cm 118.36 61.634 74 
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