中国不同海域养殖坛紫菜营养成分差异分析

Comparation of nutritional composition of Pyropia haitanensis from different sea areas of China

  • 摘要: 文章分析比较了中国6个养殖海域坛紫菜 (Pyropia haitanensis) 的营养成分。结果显示,坛紫菜水分质量分数为9.68%~12.31%,广东的晒干紫菜水分含量显著高于其他产地的烘干紫菜 (P<0.05);粗脂肪质量分数均低于0.5% (干基,下同);灰分质量分数为7.85%~9.55% (霞浦最高,东山最低);蛋白质质量分数为33.40%~36.38% (霞浦最高,莱芜最低);氨基酸与必需氨基酸质量分数分别为30.15%~32.41%与11.52%~12.27%,水平较高,但营养价值评分 (氨基酸评分、化学评分、必需氨基酸指数) 均很低,其中东山坛紫菜的必需氨基酸指数最高;蛋氨酸+胱氨酸是坛紫菜第一限制性氨基酸。坛紫菜富含人体必需的矿物质,且产地间差异较大,霞浦坛紫菜中钾 (K)、钙 (Ca)、铁 (Fe)、锌 (Zn)、铜 (Cu)、钴 (Co)、钒 (V) 含量最高,南澳以钠 (Na) 和硒 (Se) 含量最高,东山以镁 (Mg) 含量最高,温州以锰 (Mn) 含量最高。

     

    Abstract: We compared the nutritional composition of Pyropia haitanensis from six breeding sea areas in China. The results show that the moisture content of P. haitanensis was 9.68%−12.31%, and the moisture contents of sun-dried samples in Guangdong were significantly higher than those of the machine-dried samples in the other areas (P<0.05). The contents of crude fat were all lower than 0.5% (dry mass, same as below). The ash contents ranged from 7.85% to 9.55% (Xiapu highest, Dongshan lowest). The contents of protein were 33.40%‒36.38% (Xiapu highest, Laiwu lowest). The contents of total amino acids and essential amino acids were 30.15%‒32.41% and 11.52%‒12.27%, respectively, both relatively high. However, the nutritional value score, chemical score and essential amino acid index of P. haitanensis from all the areas were all low. The essential amino acid index of Dongshan samples was the highest. Methionine+cysteine was the first limiting amino acid of P. haitanensis. The mineral elements contents were rich in P. haitanensis and varied greatly from area to area. The contents of K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co and V in Xiapu samples, the contents of Na and Se in Nan'ao samples, the Mg content in Dongshan and Mn content in Wenzhou were the highest.

     

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