短须裂腹鱼与鲈鲤杂交F1代胚胎及仔稚鱼发育观察

Embryonic, larval and juvenile development of hybrid between Schizothorax wangchiachii and Percocypris pingipingi

  • 摘要: 该研究利用干法授精对短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)与鲈鲤(Percocypris pingipingi)进行远缘杂交,对杂交子一代(F1)胚胎及仔稚鱼发育进行观察,旨在为以后的杂交育种和品种选育提供基础资料。结果显示,水温(14.5±1.0) ℃、pH 8.10~8.81,短须裂腹鱼(♀) ×鲈鲤(♂)杂交F1代胚胎发育良好,受精率为95.33%,孵化率为71.12%,完成胚胎发育所需时间为144.33 h,有效积温为2 092.79 h·℃。在相似条件下,胚胎发育速度快于两亲本,各器官的形成顺序与亲本存在差异,仔稚鱼生长良好,发育速度与生长速度均慢于父本鲈鲤。在同等实验条件下,鲈鲤(♀) ×短须裂腹鱼(♂) F1代胚胎不能正常发育,发育至原肠期所需时间为51.25 h,所需积温为743.13 h·℃,原肠期末的死亡率高达85.83%,最后仅12尾出膜,且出膜后均畸形,出膜3 d后全部死亡。研究表明短须裂腹鱼(♀) ×鲈鲤(♂)杂交是可行的。

     

    Abstract: We observed the embryonic, larval and juvenile development of hybrid of Schizothorax wangchiachii and Percocypris pingipingi via dry artificial reproduction, so as to provide basic data for cross breeding and variety selection. The results show that the F1 hybrid by S. wangchiachii (♀) and P. pingipingi (♂) embryos developed well at water temperature of (14.5±1.0) ℃ and pH of 8.10−8.81. The fertilization rate was 95.33%, and the hatching rate was 71.12%. The fertilized eggs were hatched within 144.33 h, and the sum effective accumulative temperature was 2 092.79 h·℃. Under similar conditions, the embryos grew faster than the parents, and the formation order of each organ was different from that of the parents. The larvae grew well, but the developmental speed and growth rate were slower than those of the father. Under the same experimental conditions, the F1 embryos of P. pingipingi (♀) ×S. wangchiachi (♂) were unable to develop normally, and the time required for development to the gastrula period was 51.25 h, and the required accumulated temperature was 743.13 h·℃. The mortality rate of the end of the gastrointestine was 85.83%, and only 12 embryos hatched in the end with all larvae deformed. All larvae died after 3 d. The results show that it is feasible to cross between S. wangchiachii (♀) and P. pingipingi (♂).

     

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