南海外海大洋性渔业资源调查评估进展

Advances in pelagic fishery resources survey and assessment in open South China Sea

  • 摘要: 南海深水区蕴藏着丰富的大洋性渔业资源。当前,南海北部近海渔业资源被过度捕捞,外海大洋性渔业资源却尚未充分利用,南海大洋性渔业资源评估资料不足成为限制外海渔业研究和合理利用的瓶颈之一。为进一步掌握南海外海渔业资源潜力、渔场和渔汛等信息,2011年以来,中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所对南海大洋性渔业资源作了持续调查,获得了大量基础资料、重要研究结果和重大发现,首次采用渔业声学并结合灯光罩网同步开展大洋性中上层鱼类资源调查,基于渔业声学-灯光罩网方法评估了主要大洋性渔业类群的资源量和分布,探捕到多处大型渔场并证实了南海大洋性渔业资源巨大的开发潜力等。文章主要报道了近年来中国在南海外海大洋性渔业资源调查评估领域的最新阶段性研究成果,总结了存在的问题和未来的研究方向。

     

    Abstract: There are abundant pelagic fishery resources in the deep sea of the South China Sea (SCS). However, since the fishery resources in the coastal and shelf area of northern SCS have long been overfished, the pelagic fishery resources in that area have not been utilized adequately. Lack in assessment for pelagic stocks limits the rational use of the pelagic fisheries resources. In order to obtain the information of exploring potential, fishing ground and catching season of pelagic fisheries resources, the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute has been carrying out continuous pelagic fishery resources surveys in the vast deep sea area of SCS since 2011. In spring 2011, for the first time, fisheries acoustics detection and light-falling sampling were synchronously used to investigate pelagic fishery resources in the deep sea of SCS. Based on the acoustics-light falling net sampling technique, the abundance and distribution of the major category of fishery stocks were evaluated. Many large fishing grounds were discovered, which confirms great exploring potential of pelagic fisheries resources in the deep sea of SCS. This paper reviews the latest results in the assessment of pelagic fisheries resources in the deep sea of SCS, and summarizes the existing problems and future research direction.

     

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