Abstract: Based on simulate natural ecological environment, we conducted an experiment to explore the effects of several environmental factors such as temperature, salinity and relative humidity on the artificial breeding of Onchidium struma. The results show that the survival reached over 90% and significant difference was observed among the other trail groups (P < 0.05) under the following conditions: temperature (20~26 ℃ with diurnal temperature range < 3 ℃), salinity (35), relative humidity (>80%), stocking density < 50 ind·tank^-1 (333 ind·m^-3), sediment (silty halosols on the surface of intertidal with 3 cm thickness laid at the bottom of the tank), light intensity (< 70 lx). It is revealed that the breeding of O.struma needs control of temperature, salinity, relative humidity, stocking density, light intensity and sediment factors. Besides, the survival can be increased and long-term artificial breeding can be achieved by simulating ecological environment and improving breeding conditions.