Change and correlation analysis of pigment contents and color value during growth of Chlorella vulgaris
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摘要: 该文基于CIE-L*a*b*颜色分析系统，采用全自动分光测色仪对热带普通小球藻 (Chlorella vulgaris) 生长过程中的颜色值变化进行监测，同时测定其细胞密度及色素的质量浓度变化并进行相关分析。结果显示，热带普通小球藻生长过程中细胞密度分为接种期、快速生长期、稳定期和衰亡期4个阶段，绿色素和黄色素质量浓度和颜色参数值黄度值(b*)、色差值(△E)和饱和度(C)均呈增加趋势，而颜色参数值明度值(L*)、红度值(a*)、相角(H°)呈降低趋势；颜色参数值与细胞密度、色素质量浓度具有较强的相关性，线性回归模型拟合度较高，在快速生长期尤为显著，其中b*和△E可作为较佳的指示指标。通过量化热带普通小球藻生长过程中的颜色参数变化，建立非接触性数量及质量动态变化预测模型，可快速准确预测，为提高养殖过程中精细操作及效率提供理论基础。Abstract: Automatic color spectrometer was used based on CIE-L*a*b* color system to monitor the color value change in the growth process of Chlorella vulgaris. The cell density and pigment contents, as well as their correlational relationship were analyzed. The results show that C. vulgaris growth was divided into four phases (seeding, rapidly growing, stable and declining). The general trends of green and yellow pigments were increasing, as well as yellow value (b*), color difference (ΔE) and chroma (C), but those of lightness value (L*), red value (a*) and hue angle (H°) were decreasing. Strong correlation had been observed between color values and cell density, pigment content. The linear regression models had a high fit degree especially in rapid growing phase. The b* and ΔE values could be used as good indicators. The establishment of non-contact quantity and quality dynamic prediction model can make the prediction quick and accurate, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the precision operation and efficiency in the process of aquaculture.
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Key words:
- Chlorella vulgaris /
- Growth process /
- Color parameters /
- Cell density /
- Pigment content /
- Correlation analysis
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图 1 热带普通小球藻生长过程中细胞数变化及阶段划分
不同小写字母表示差异显著 (P<0.05)；后图同此
Figure 1. Change of cell density and growth phase division of C. vulgaris in process of growth
Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). The same case in the following figures.
图 2 热带普通小球藻生长过程中明度值 (A)、红度值 (B) 和黄度值 (C) 的变化
Figure 2. Change of lightness value (A), red value (B) and yellow value (C) of C. vulgaris in process of growth
图 3 热带普通小球藻生长过程中相角 (A)、色差值 (B) 和饱和度 (C) 的变化
Figure 3. Change of hue angle (A), color difference (B) and chroma (C) of C. vulgaris in process of growth
图 4 热带普通小球藻生长过程中叶绿素a (A)、叶绿素b (B) 和总叶绿素 (C) 质量浓度的变化
Figure 4. Change of Chl-a (A), Chl-b (B) and chlorophyll (C) mass concentrations of C. vulgaris in process of growth
图 5 热带普通小球藻生长过程中类胡萝卜素质量浓度的变化
Figure 5. Change of carotenoid mass concentration of C. vulgaris in process of growth
图 6 热带普通小球藻生长过程中类叶比值的变化
Figure 6. Change of ratio of carotenoid and chlorophyll of C. vulgaris in process of growth
表 1 热带普通小球藻生长过程中颜色参数与细胞密度、色素参数质量浓度的简单相关分析
Table 1. Simple correlation analysis among color parameters and cell density, pigment contents of C. vulgaris in process of growth
参数
Parameter细胞密度
Cell density叶绿素a
Chl-a叶绿素b
Chl-b总叶绿素
Chlorophyll类胡萝卜素
Carotemoid catabolite类叶比值
Ratio of carotenoid and
chlorophyll明度值L* Lightness value −0.734* −0.912** −0.919** −0.918** −0.981** −0.913** 红度值a* Red value −0.918** −0.940** −0.957** −0.949** −0.939** −0.948** 黄度值b* Yellow value 0.857** 0.943** 0.954** 0.950** 0.970** 0.948** 色差值△E Color difference 0.845** 0.941** 0.952** 0.948** 0.974** 0.946** 相角H° Hue angle −0.766** −0.689* −0.703* −0.696* −0.639* −0.774** 饱和度C Chroma 0.859** 0.943** 0.955** 0.950** 0.970** 0.948** 注：*. 在0.05水平 (双侧) 上显著相关；**. 在0.01水平 (双侧) 上显著相关 Note: *. Significant correlation (Bilateral) at 0.05 level; **. Very significant difference (Bilateral) at 0.01 level. 
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表 2 热带普通小球藻生长过程中细胞密度、色素参数质量浓度与颜色参数的回归分析
Table 2. Analysis of regression among cell density, pigment contents and color parameters of C. vulgaris in process of growth
参数
Parameter回归方程
Regression equation调整R2
Adjusted R2F P 细胞密度 Cell density y细胞密度=−282.126 3+2.170 2xL−198.395 5xa−26.132 0xb+2.023 4x△E 0.971 6 43.093 2 0.000 2 叶绿素a Chl-a y叶绿素a=11.568 4−0.113 5xL−0.263 4 xa+0.0940 1xb−0.159 5x△E 0.914 0 13.693 9 0.003 6 叶绿素b Chl-b y叶绿素b=5.740 5−0.056 4xL−0.174 5xa−0.004 4xb−0.040 8x△E 0.953 1 25.768 9 0.000 6 总叶绿素 Chlorophyll y总叶绿素=17.297 0−0.169 7xL−0.437 4xa+0.089 7xb−0.200 3x△E 0.929 9 16.990 1 0.002 0 类胡萝卜素 Carotemoid catabolite y类胡萝卜素=9.873 3−0.096 7xL−0.183 9xa+0.019 94xb−0.069 78x△E 0.973 1 45.680 3 0.000 1 总色素 Plamochromic pigment y总色素=27.170 4−0.266 4xL−0.621 4xa+0.109 7xb−0.270 1x△E 0.945 0 25.760 0 0.000 6
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